Question

Recently the Chinese Government said that it plans to relax its one-child policy（政策）. The news is welcomed by millions of Chinese who were punished  in the past for having more than one child. The new policy will give a chance to couples where one of the parents is an only child, to have two children.

The one-child policy is depended on rewards（奖励）and punishments. Couples are fined（罚款）thousands of dollars if they have more children than allowed, and many lose their jobs and money. On the other hand, couples are given longer holidays for giving birth late. However, the one-child policy has caused some problems for the country. People prefer raising boys to girls. It is said that there are 32 million more boys than girls under the age of 20 today!

Because of the drop in the number of children, there won’t be enough young people going into the factories. Today, for every person that stops working, there are six working adults. But by 2040 there will be only two working persons to support four old ones.

This new plan is the first real step（步骤）to give up one-child policy. However, for many in China, the cost of raising children is still too high to think of larger families. In fact, it is also a big problem.

1.The underlined word “punish” means      in Chinese.

A. 惩罚    B. 调查    C. 结论

2.What might happen if parents have more children than allowed?

A. They would get some more money.

B. They had to work longer hours.

C. They lost their jobs and money.

3.The writer wants to tell us      .

A. there are more girls than boys in China

B. there are more boys than girls in China

C. there are boys as many as girls in China

4.What will happen in the future?

A. People wouldn’t like to work long hours.

B. There won’t be enough jobs for people.

C. There won’t be enough working people.

5.We can infer from the last paragraph that       .

A. every couple will have at least two children

B. some couples can’t afford to raise two children

C. it’s easy for every couple to have two children

Answer

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.C

5.B

【解析】现在中国政府放开了二胎的政策，结束了几十年的计划生育政策。在过去实施计划生育政策的时候， 很多超生的夫妇都会受到罚款或是其他方式的惩罚。由于劳动力的下降，国家决定改变这一政策。

1.词义猜测题。根据划线单词所在的句子The news is welcomed by millions of Chinese who were punished in the past for having more than one child.以及短文第二段中Couples are fined（罚款）thousands of dollars if they have more children than allowed, and many lose their jobs and money.可知，过去的时候，生超过一个孩子是会被罚款，或者是有其他的惩罚措施，现在国家放开了二胎的政策。由此可知应选A。

2.细节理解题。根据短文中Couples are fined（罚款）thousands of dollars if they have more children than allowed, and many lose their jobs and money.可知，如果一对夫妇生超过一个孩子，那么他们会被罚款，很多人还会失去他们的工作和钱。由此可知应选C。

3.细节理解题。根据短文第二段中It is said that there are 32 million more boys than girls under the age of 20 today!可知，据说现在20岁以下的孩子中男孩比女孩多3，200万。由此可知应选B。

4.细节理解题。根据短文第三段中Because of the drop in the number of children, there won’t be enough young people going into the factories可知，由于孩子数量的下降，就不会有足够的年轻人去工厂工作，因此劳动力就会减少。故应选C。

5.推理判断题。根据短文最后一段中However, for many in China, the cost of raising children is still too high to think of larger families可知，对于中国的很多人来说，抚养孩子的费用太高了，所以他们都不考虑再生一个孩子。由此可知应选B。

点睛：这篇短文给我们讲述了中国政府改变了实施了很长时间的计划生育政策，允许一对夫妇可以生育二胎。短文的内容对于学生们来说稍有点难，因为学生对这方面的知识具备比较少。但是文章中并没有太多的生词出现，掌握大意还是可以的。下面的题目设置包括了细节理解、词义猜测和推理判断，题型考查比较全面。细节理解题是比较容易的题型，它的答案往往可以在短文中直接找到，例如第2小题，在短文文第二段中It is said that there are 32 million more boys than girls under the age of 20 today!，我们可以在选项中直接找到答案。词义猜测考查我们根据上下文猜测生词的能力，根据短文第二段The one-child policy is depended on rewards（奖励）and punishments. Couples are fined（罚款）thousands of dollars if they have more children than allowed，fined罚款这个词可以知道，punish应该是惩罚的意思。