阅读理解。
Do you sometimes find you want to eat chocolate or ice cream very much? Do you then make it but feel guilty about it later?
The next time this happens to you， think back if you have had enough sleep over the last 3-5 days. Many adults and even teens have noticed that they crave "midnight snacks" when working or watching TV late.
New research shows that lack of sleep could lead us to have an increased appetite (食欲)- especially for the unhealthy kind.
Recently， researchers at the University of Chicago carried out a study that clearly shows that a lack of sleep actually changes our brain chemistry! Studies were done on two control groups over four days. Both groups had their food and sleep strictly controlled. All of them received three meals. The only difference was that one group was allowed to sleep for 7.5 hours while the other group slept for a little more than four hours.
During the following visit， their sleep patterns were exchanged. After the last night of the session， the volunteers were offered as much food as they wanted to eat. Researchers noticed that in both sessions， people who sleep less ate on an average 300 calories more than those who had slept more. This was much more calories than what their bodies would need to make up for the three fewer hours of sleep.
What Is Going On?
The researchers then analyzed the chemicals (化学成分) in the blood of the people in the study. What they noticed was surprising. High levels of ghrelin (a chemical that makes us hungry) and lower levels of leptin (the chemical that tells the brain that it is satisfied) were found in the people with less sleep.
Even more surprising was that this group had higher levels of endocannabinoids - the same chemical that is caused by drugs such as cannabis (大麻). The endocannabinoid system causes a craving for sugar and fatty foods and leads to overeating even when the body is not hungry. This study suggests that sleep changes help produce chemicals in the body that are similar to taking drugs!
Furthermore， researchers noticed that food cravings continued for a long period of time， well after the lack of sleep. This increases the risk of over-eating for longer periods， leading to obesity (肥胖).
Your body needs 7-8 hours of sleep each night. So， the next time you reach for a bag of chips or a slice of decadent cake， think of the amount of sleep you have had recently!
1.According to the passage， people want to eat more when they ________.
A．work B．watch TV
C．sleep less D．sleep more
2.The word ‘crave’ in paragraph 2 most probably means ________.
A．hope B．want
C．hate D．dislike
3.From the passage， we can learn that ________.
A．people feel guilty about eating chocolate
B．unhealthy food makes people sleep less and less
C．a person’s sleep has nothing to do with his/her appetite
D．a study about sleep and obesity was carried out at the University of Chicago
4.The chemical that makes us feel hungry is called ________.
A．ghrelin B．leptim
C．cannabis D．endocannabinoids
5.This article is mainly about ________.
A．researchers working on people’s sleep
B．how people’s sleep influences their appetite
C．how much people need to eat after sleeping less
D．A research about chemicals in the blood of people
阅读理解。
Florida teen band The Garbage-Men is performing on the stage. The band has five members. They are Jack Berry， Ollie Gray， Harrison Paparatto， Austin Siegel and Evan Tucker. The five teens are making music from waste. The Garbage-Men band’s instruments are made from recycled things. The guitars are boxes. A horn(号) is made from pipes. The keyboard is formed from old bottles.
The band started about two years ago. Jack Berry who was in eighth grade at the time decided to make a playable， home-made guitar， after some trial-and-error(反复试验)， he ended up building it from a cereal box， a yardstick and toothpicks. After Jack showed his creation to his friend Ollie Gray， Ollie had the idea to form a band using other home-made instruments as a way to improve recycling. “We want to show people there is more to recycling than throwing things away in the bin.” Jack， 16， told TFK. “You can actually reuse materials.”
Last year， the Garbage-Men played at local events， including festivals， farmer’s markets. Typically， the teens set up on the street and performed popular songs from the 1960s， including classic Beatles and crowd favorite “Wipe Out”. They talked about recycling and offered tips for how to improve the environment. While they were performing， Jack’s little brother Trent， 11， gave out leaflets about recycling and helped sell the band’s CDs and other musical products.
The band donated the money from sales to charity. They have raised more than $2，500 for Heifer International. The organization gives farm animals， seeds and agricultural training to people in poor countries to help end poverty and hunger. “It’s a good， sustainable-development (持续发展的)charity，” Jack says， “By donating one animal， you help the whole community.”
The band， all tenth graders， tries to play a show every week. They’ve also played on a Florida radio station. The teens hope to take their shows on the road by touring in other states. “Music is a really good way to get a good message across to people because it’s really close.” Jack says. Their instruments may be rubbish， but their message isn’t.
1.They are all members of the Garbage-Men band EXCEPT ________.
A．Ollie Gray B．Trent Berry
C．Austin Siegel D．Jack Berry
2.Which of the following is the correct order of what the teens have done?
① The Garbage-Men played at local events.
② Jack Berry made a playable， home-made guitar.
③ The band donated the money from sales to charity.
④ Ollie decided to form a band using home-made instruments.
A．③②④① B．②①④③
C．③①②④ D．②④①③
3.What’s the best title for the passage?
A．Classical music and rubbish
B．A special band
C．Home-made musical instruments
D．A pioneer of country music
4.The five teens formed the band with the purpose of ________.
A．making musical instruments from rubbish
B．earning more money to help support their own families
C．asking more people to recycle daily rubbish around them
D．making their musical products known all around the world
阅读理解。
1.According to Sarah， which of the following dogs is worth keeping?
A．Barkers. B．Chasers.
C．Farm dogs. D．Homeless dogs.
2.Both of the two people think that ________.
A．dogs should have good food
B．dogs should be properly trained
C．dog owners spend too much on dogs
D．dog owners should play with kids
3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the two passages?
A．Dogs can work well on farms.
B．City dogs can have a home-visit hair-cut.
C．Dogs may appear in the classroom in some places.
D．City dogs cannot be trusted when they are left alone.
阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案。
1. Posted by： Monica， Canada April 24 10.41 |
Black bread with honey— A friend of mine stayed in a hotel in India and the manager gave this to her for stomachache. It really worked. Just take a piece of bread and toast it until it’s black. Then put honey on the bread and eat it. It doesn’t look good， but it can really help. So if you get stomachache， try this therapy. |
2. Posted by： Norma， USA April 24 9.25 |
An onion—If you get a high temperature， use an onion. It sounds strange but it helps. Cut one large onion into halves and tie the half onion to the bottom of each of your feet. You shouldn’t wear socks of course! I use this on my kids and it works every time. The therapy came from a relative from down south. |
3. Posted by： Hell， Australia April 23 18.03 |
A wet teabag—Here is my tip for toothache. You should put a wet teabag on the sore tooth. I always have a wet teabag in the fridge so it’s there when I need it. |
4. Posted by： Lameed， England April 23 16. 15 |
Salt water—When I was a child， I got a lot of headaches and my grandmother always did this for me. Put a few drops of warm salt water in your ears. Don’t use really hot water. Do this three or four times for both ears. Then lie down and close your eyes for about ten minutes. |
1.The above advice is about ________.
A．home problems B．home therapies
C．food and drinks D．medicine
2.________ gave a tip for a fever.
A．Hell from Australia B．Lameed’s grandmother
C．A friend of Monica’s D．Norma from America
3.According to the postings， you can ________ if you have a toothache.
A．tie half an onion to your feet
B．drop warm salt water in your ears
C．eat a piece of bread with honey
D．put a wet teabag on your sore teeth
完形填空。
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Most people who celebrate Saint Patrick’s Day aren’t Irish. Every year on March 17， hundreds of thousands of people celebrate this Irish ______ all over the world. There are parades in New York， London， and Tokyo. There are all-night parties in Argentina. People ______ and have fun in the streets of Australia and New Zealand. And of course， there are some celebrations in Ireland， too.
What is Saint Patrick’s Day? Saint Patrick was a priest hundreds of years ago who made many Irish people ______ Christianity(基督教). He was actually born in Britain， but he has become an important ______ in Irish culture. There are many stories about him， ______ killing all the snakes in Ireland and speaking with Irish ancient kings. Saint Patrick’s Day is a religious holiday to remember ______， but today it is also a day for celebrating Ireland and Irish culture in general. So ______ do people celebrate it? The most ______ way is to wear something green. Green is one of the colors of the Irish flag， and Ireland is also famous for its beautiful green countryside. If you forget to wear green， you may get pinched， ______ pinching people who forget to wear green is another Saint Patrick’s Day tradition. But perhaps the second most common way to celebrate， if you are ______ enough， is to drink lots and lots of Irish beer. Remember only adults can drink beer. Otherwise， you will be punished for being too young.
1.A．habit B．holiday C．parade D．game
2.A．drink B．smoke C．fight D．swim
3.A．take in B．hand in C．bring in D．believe in
4.A．soldier B．hero C．hunter D．king
5.A．for example B．along with C．instead of D．such as
6.A．her B．him C．them D．it
7.A．how B．why C．when D．where
8.A．interesting B．special C．common D．strange
9.A．though B．so C．until D．as
10.A．brave B．old C．strong D．excited
—________! I left my camera in the cafe and it’s still here.
—Lucky you! You should take good care of your things during the trip.
A．Well done B．Thank goodness
C．Forget it D．My pleasure
