Question

Eat like a king in the morning, a prince at noon, and a farmer at night. This saying is all about the importance of breakfast. And now scientists can tell us just why it’s so important. According to a study carried out at Imperial College London, UK, skipping the first meal of the day not only means you eat more at lunch, but also that your brain wants to find more unhealthy foods.

The study suggests that there is a special part of our brain called the orbitofrontal cortex (眶额皮层), which plays an important part in making choices about what we eat. It is used for identifying the taste of food, especially when skipping breakfast. It is more likely to target high-calorie foods when you’re on an empty stomach.

Scientists did an experiment on this. Dr Tony Goldstone from Imperial College London, scanned (扫描) the brains of 21 men and women, around the age of 25. On the first day, these people skipped breakfast before the scans. On the second day, they had cereal (谷物), bread and jam as breakfast. After the scan on both days, they had their lunch.

When the volunteers had skipped breakfast, they ate around 20 percent more at lunch, compared with days when they had eaten breakfast. Their brain scans also showed the orbitofrontal cortex was especially responsive to high-calorie foods. “We believe that it identifies the value of foods – how pleasant, how delicious something is,” Goldstone told The Guardian.

1. From Paragraph 1, we learn that _____.

A. scientists found out why eating breakfast is important

B. it’s easy to lose weight without breakfast

C. there’s no need to have good food for supper

D. eating breakfast makes your brain smarter

2. Which of the following is NOT true about the orbitofrontal cortex?

A. It is part of our brain.

B. It tells people to eat breakfast.

C. It decides which food we like.

D. It is active toward high-calorie food.

3. Which is the correct order for the experiment on the first day?

① The volunteers skipped breakfast.

② The volunteers had lunch.

③ The volunteers had a brain scan.

A.①②③    B.③②①   C.①③②    D.③①②

4.In the experiment, the volunteers without breakfast ate about 20% _____ at lunch.

A. of the usual breakfast

B. more than the usual breakfast

C. of the usual lunch

D. more than the usual lunch

5.Which of the following can be the title for this passage?

A. Breakfast still most important

B. Three meals a day

C. Experiments on breakfast

D. Experiments on lunch

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.C

4.D

5.A

【解析】

试题分析：本文主要讲了吃早餐的重要性。根据一项在英国伦敦帝国学院发布的研究结果显示，不吃早餐不仅会让人们午餐吃得更多，而且会让人们更容易想吃一些不健康的食物。因此，提醒人们，要按时吃早餐。

1.A推理判断题。根据And now scientists can tell us just why it’s so important。可知科学家发现了吃早餐为什么重要。故选A。

2.B推理判断题。根据第二段可知，眶额皮层是我们大脑的一部分，它在决定我们吃什么时有着很重要的作用。同时在我们胃里空着的时候，它更容易指向高油脂的食物。但是它没有提醒人们吃饭的功能。故选B。

3.C细节理解题。根据these people skipped breakfast before the scans. On the second day, they had cereal (谷物), bread and jam as breakfast. After the scan on both days, they had their lunch。可知：接受扫描的人在扫描之前不吃早餐，然后扫描，扫描之后，再吃午餐。故选C。

4.D细节理解题。根据When the volunteers had skipped breakfast, they ate around 20 percent more at lunch.可知：不吃早餐的志愿者，午餐比平时多吃20%。故选D。

5.

考点：考查健康类短文阅读