Cause and effect is one way to explain things that happen around us. Many things happen because something caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what caused or influenced them to happen. Sometimes it is hard to look at a cause and find out what causes the effect. It may help you to start with the effect and use your reasoning(推理的) skills. Think about all the things you know that could be reasons for the effect you can see.
For example, you may see someone putting on a heavy jacket. This is the effect. To look for a cause, think to yourself, “What would take someone put on a heavy jacket?” Maybe the person is going outside into very cold weather. Maybe the person works in the penguin pen(企鹅圈养地) at Sea World. Maybe the person is going to visit an ice skating rink where the air is kept very cold. All of these things could be a cause for putting on a heavy jacket.
Now, think about a second example. The effect is that a boy named Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. What are the possible causes? Maybe he bullied(欺负) another student. Maybe he is just being picked up early. Maybe he is being given a prize!
Here is another example for you to think about its cause and effect. Cait, 13, was trying to fall asleep when her 8-year-old brother, Doug, came into her room. He looked around a bit, but seemed really out of it. Then Doug went back into the hallway and stood there looking straight up at the hall light for quite a while. Little brothers can be very strange, but this was really much too strange. Cait’s father appeared and explained that Doug was sleepwalking(梦游). What’s the cause and effect, could you tell?
1.According to the second paragraph, which of the following is an effect?
A. Someone works in the penguin pen.
B. Someone puts on a heavy jacket.
C. Someone will go outside into cold weather.
D. Someone will go to visit an ice skating rink.
2.Abi has to go to the head teacher’s office. Which of the following isn’t the possible cause?
A. He is going shopping. B. He bullied another student.
C. His is being picking up early. D. He is being given a prize.
3.What was Doug doing when his sister Cait tried to fall asleep?
A. He was going outside. B. He was sleepwalking.
C. He was reading a story. D. He was looking for his dad.
4.Which of the following is cause and effect?
A. Tony got up and had a glass of water.
B. We came home and found him sleeping.
C. Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.
D. The ball was lost and a window was broken.
5.What is the best title for the next?
A. Truth and lies B. Work and sleep
C. Life and dreams D. Cause and effect
In England, some food companies across the whole country have been told to carry out urgent (紧急的) tests on all beef products. Do you know why? That’s because some food companies used horsemeat to make beef products.
There are some examples about the horsemeat matter. In January, 2013, in a number of UK supermarkets, frozen hamburgers were found to have traces of horsemeat in them. Some frozen beef products made by food company FINDUS were found to contain horsemeat. All of the beef products made by this company have been removed(撤回) from sale.
The government said that there’s nothing to suggest any health risk from the products. Food minister David Heath said people should not throw away frozen meat products and carry on eating meat. The government will tell people not to eat meat if the meat is not safe.
Food safety has been an important matter all over the world. More and more countries plan to take some useful measures to ensure the safety of food.
1.In England, some food companies have been told to ________urgently.
A. test all their beef products
B. stop making beef products
C. test all their products
D. remove all their products from sale
2.What else did some food companies use to make beef products in England according to the passage?
A. Chicken. B. Beef. C. Fish. D. Horsemeat.
3.What does “traces” mean in the second paragraph?
A. 描绘 B. 少量 C. 追踪 D. 探索
4.What should people do with meat products according to David Heath’s suggestions?
A. Throw them away
B. Go on eating them.
C. Never eat them.
D. Send them back to the food companies.
5.More and more countries plan to take some useful measures to ensure __________.
A. horsemeat out of products B. the test food
C. the food safety D. the food sale
Lu Xun is one of the greatest Chinese writers of the 20th century. Besides his famous stories, he also wrote many influential articles about the living conditions of Chinese people.
Born in 1881 to a rich family, Lu Xun had a happy childhood. In 1893, however, his grandfather, a senior government official, was put into prison for taking money. At the same time, his father became seriously ill. From that time on, his family were no longer accepted by their relatives and friends. These early experiences greatly influenced his writing.
By the time Lu Xun arrived in Nanjing to study at university in 1899, he already believed that Chinese society had to change and become modern. In 1902 he went to study in Japan. There, he began writing articles for several Chinese student magazines. He showed a gift for writing and translating(翻译) and he even wrote several books, although none was popular. He returned to China in 1909 because he was in need of money.
After working for several years as a teacher in Beijing, Lu Xun again returned to writing. In 1918, he wrote his famous short story Diary of a Madman. It was the first Chinese novel published(出版)using the everyday language that people spoke, which helped make it a great success. This, together with his novel The True Story of Ah Q (1921), made Lu Xun a leading Chinese writer.
Although successful, Lu Xun still worried greatly about China’s future. In 1926, he moved to Shanghai and gave up writing stories in order to devote himself to what he called “pen warfare”. He now only wrote articles which called on the people to fight against the government. For this, the government stopped him from publishing any more books. He was forced to write his articles using false names.
Since his death in 1936, Lu Xun’s importance and influence have grown. Today, many of his writings are included in school textbooks and his works are read by millions around the world.
1.Which of the following greatly influenced Lu Xun’s writing according to the passage?
A. The people he met in Japan.
B. Working as a teacher in Beijing.
C. The experiences in his early life.
D. His father’s being put into prison.
2.According to the passage, why was Lu Xun’s story Diary of a Madam so popular?
A. It was based on Lu Xun’s diary.
B. Its story took place in modern times.
C. It was written using a western style.
D. It was the first novel to use everyday language.
3.The underlined word “This” (Paragraph 4) refers to ___________ .
A. the use of everyday language
B. the success of Diary of a Madman
C. the first Chinese novel
D. The True Story of Ah Q
4.After moving to Shanghai, Lu Xun mainly wrote ____________.
A. funny stories
B. articles about himself
C. stories about government officials
D. articles against the government
5. In what order did these events take place in Lu Xun’s life?
a. The government stopped him from publishing books.
b. He wrote Diary of a Madman.
c. His father became ill.
d. He moved to Shanghai.
e. His writings were put into textbooks.
A. c-b-d-a-e B. c-a-b-d-e
C. a-c-d-b-e D. a-d-b-c-e
China's Manned Space Program
The First Stage Time：October 15，2003 Spaceship：Shenzhou Ⅴ | | |
The Second Stage Time：October 12，2005 Spaceship：Shenzhou Ⅵ Main events：Chinese spacemen Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng were both sent up into space．On October 17，the two Chinese space heroes safely returned to the earth. The Third Stage Time：October 24，2007 Satellite：Chang'eⅠ
| ||
Main events：China has launched(发射) its first moon orbiter Chang'e I successfully． China's moon exploration project is for peaceful use of Space．The Chinese government will have included the moon adventure in 16 key state science projects by the year 2020． Future plans： 1．China will make a manned moon landing at a proper time around 2017． 2．China plans to set up a permanent(永久的)space lab and build its engineering system in the future． | ||
1.Before China，how many countries had already sent their astronauts into space?
A．Only one． B．Two．
C．Three． D．Four．
2.ShenzhouⅤcircled the earth in space _________．
A．once B．four times
C．fourteen times D．five times
3.During the second stage，the Chinese astronauts stayed in space for _________．
A．five days B．four days
C．one day D．fourteen days
4.What happened in the third stage?
A．Chinese astronauts landed on the moon．
B．China has sent up Chang'eⅠto the moon．
C．The moon exploration project is too easy．
D．The government planned to make two space labs．
5.Chinese astronauts will possibly walk on the moon around _________．
A．2010 B．2005 C．2007 D．2017
完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
In today’s busy world, it’s easy to put everyone else first. With the demands of work and family, it might feel that there’s not much time over for you. Perhaps you even feel sorry about taking time for yourself – , shouldn’t you that time with your kids, or your spouse(配偶), or your parents?
We all need time and recharge. If life feels busy that you believe you can’t manage to have a few hours for , then it’s especially important that you make some “me time”.
You Need to Take Care of Your Health
If you run yourself into the ground, you’re not going to be much help to the people around you. You need to yourself that your health is important. Good physical and mental health requires care of your body, mind and soul.
You Want Space to Breathe and Think
If your life is starting to a treadmill(跑步机), it’s time to stop. When you’re in the thick of things, it’s hard to get more ideas. Perhaps you’re struggling with a particular decision – like a of jobs, or the chance to take an important qualification(资格考试). It can be all too easy to put off decisions or make hurried choices if you don’t take the time and think.
You Are Important Too
Sometimes, we put other people first because we’re secretly convinced that they’re , or more needy than us. We don’t care about our own needs– help them.
Perhaps you’ve got a relative who’s ill, or a friend facing huge struggles in his life, but don’t forget that you are important too. No matter busy you are, you can find time for yourself – you have to start with just a few minutes each day, or an hour or two every weekend. What could you do this week to make more breathing space in your life?
1.A. leave B. keep C. left D. stay
2.A. after all B. above all C. at all D. first of all
3.A. cost B. take C. spend D. pay
4.A. resting B. rest C. rested D. to rest
5.A.such B. so C. too D. very
6.A. your B. herself C. yourself D. themselves
7.A. remind B. realize C. remember D. understand
8.A. smell like B. feel like C. sound like D. be like
9.A. choice B. decision C. plan D. choose
10.A. stop B. to play C. play D. to stop
11.A. important B. necessary C. more necessary D. more important.
12.A. in order B. in order that C. in order to D. so that
13.A. who’re B. who C. whose D. who’s
14.A. How B. What C. Who D. Where
15.A.unless B. even though C. as D. because
－Excuse me, could you tell me ________?
－There’s an e-shop next to the bookshop. You can go there.
A. where I can have my computer repaired
B. where I can have my bicycle repaired
C. how can I get to the e-shop
D. if there was an e-shop nearby
