Question

People with disabilities make up a large part of the population. It is reported that over 35 million Americans have physical, mental, or other disabilities. About half of these disabilities are “developmental", that is to say, they happen before people’s twenty-second birthday, often from born conditions, and are hard enough to affect three or more areas of development, such as movement, communication, occupation, etc. Most other disabilities are considered “adventitious" (偶然的), i.e., accidental or caused by outside forces.

Before the 20th century, only a small percentage of people with disabilities survived for long. Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable. Improvements in medicine and social services have created a climate in which people with disabilities can expect to have such basic (基本的) needs as food, shelter, and medical treatment. Unluckily, these basics are often not available. Human rights such as the right to vote, marry, get an education, and achieve work have traditionally been not agreed on the basis of disability.

In recent ten years, the disability rights movement has been organized to fight against these disagreements of human rights. Congress(国会) replied by passing important laws recognizing(承认) people with disabilities as a protected group under human rights laws.

It is reported that more than half of qualified(有资格的) Americans with disabilities don’t have work, and a lot of those who do work are out of work. About two-thirds live at or below the official lowest level.

Obvious difficulties, especially in communication and public awareness(意识), prevent disabled people from taking part in society. For example, while no longer stopped by law from marrying, a person unable to communicate is excluded(排斥) from society and social activities which might lead to the development of long-term relationships.

Only when public attitudes(态度) advance as far as laws have, disabled people will be fully able to take their rightful place in society.

1.. A “developmental" disability ______.

A. is caused by forces            

B. happens in youth and affects development

C. develops very slowly over time  

D. is getting harder and harder

2.Most disabled people used to die early because ______.

A. they were not very well looked after   

B. disabilities destroyed body functions terribly

C. they were too poor to get right treatment

D. medical treatment were not available

3. The sentence “Still today, people with disabilities must fight to live their lives freely.” should be placed at the beginning of Paragraph _________.

A. One          B. Two           

C. Three       D. Four

4.Which of the following cannot be inferred（推断）from the passage ?

A. The public tend to(倾向) look down on the disabled people.

B. Many disabled people may remain single(保持单身) for their whole life.

C. The disabled people feel inferior(不及) to those common people.

D. Discriminatory(歧视性) laws prevent the disabled from mixing with others.

5. The best title for this passage might be ______.

A．The Causes for Disabilities           

B．Medical Treatments for Disabilities

C．The physical difficulties of the Disabled

D．Disadvantages of People with Disabilities

Answer

1.B

2.D

3.D

4.D

5.D

【解析】

试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了残疾人占人口的很大一部分。残疾人和正常人相比存在许多的劣势，如选举权，接受教育，结婚，工作等方面。只有公众的态度像法律一样进步，残疾人才能完全拥有他们在社会上的权利和地位。

1.About half of these disabilities are “developmental", that is to say, they happen before people’s twenty-second birthday, often from born conditions, and are hard enough to affect three or more areas of development, such as movement, communication, occupation, etc.。发展性的残疾往往在22岁之前发生，经常是从出生就残疾，对三个或更多方面的发展是有影响的，像移动，交流，职业等。故选B。

2.Medical treatment for these disabilities was unavailable.故选D。

3.句意，今天残疾人仍然要为 自由生活而斗争，因为从第四段之后都是描述残疾人没能像正常人以一样去工作等。故选D。

4.是非判断题。根据短文描述可知没有提及法律方面对残疾人的歧视，故选D。

5.短文的主旨大意，残疾人虽然努力争取自的权利，但是他们仍然在许多方面不及正常人，故选D，残疾人的劣势。

考点：社会现象类短文阅读。