The science and technology undertaking of New China started almost from scratch. In 1956, the central government issued a great call for "advancing into science." Under the guidance of the "focus on development and catching up" policy, the country initially( 初 步 ) established a government-led science and technology system to break down the blockade and strenuous efforts have laid a solid foundation for the development of China's scientific and technological undertakings and injected a self-improving soul.
Preliminary layout of science and technology system
At the beginning of the founding of New China, the country was abolished( 百废俱兴) and the scientific and technological foundation was extremely weak, and it needed to be improved. In 1949, represented by the establishment of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, various regions and departments began to set up a number of scientific research institutions.In 1956, the new for the first time in Chinese history, the National Science and Technology Conference was convened, and the country's first long-term science and technology development plan, the National Science and Technology Development Prospects Plan 1956-1967, was devoted to research and deployment of science and technology development issues, and formulated a number of major technologies that were urgently needed at the time. The mission became the first milestone in the history of China's scientific and technological development. Prior to the "Cultural Revolution", national scientific research institutions had increased from more than 30 at the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China to more than 1,700, and the number of professionals dedicated to scientific research had increased from less than 500 to 120,000 .It has initially formed a scientific and technological system consisting of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, universities, industrial departments, local scientific research units and national defense departments.
The impact of hard work is profound(深远的)
The establishment of new China has inspired a large number of overseas students to report their national ambitions. Overseas experts and scholars represented by Qian Xuesen, Hua Luogeng, Zhu Guangya, etc. broke all difficulties and obstacles(障碍), embraced their deep feelings for the motherland, and returned to China to work for the technology of New China. He has made outstanding contributions to career development. By 1957, more than 3,000 overseas scholars returned home, accounting for more than half of all overseas students and scholars before the founding of the People's Republic of China. Most of them became science in various(各种各样的) fields of New China. The founder or pioneer of technological development, in the era of enthusiasm and burning, led scientific researchers across the country to work independently and arduously under extremely difficult conditions, creating a series of world-renowned scientific and technological miracles, and left precious for future generations.
The first achievements to inspire(振奋) the country
In this period, under the national system of focusing on major events, a number of major scientific and technological achievements that catch up with the world level quickly emerged. In 1958, China's first electron tube computer was successfully trial-produced. Subsequently, semiconductor triodes and diodes were successively developed; 1959 In 1995, Li Siguang and others proposed the theory of "land-phase oil", which broke the Western scholars' theory of "lean oil in China"; in 1960, Wang Xichang and others discovered anti-sigma negative supersonons; in 1964, the first atomic bomb device exploded successfully. A self-designed and manufactured carrier rocket was successfully launched; in 1965, the first artificial synthesis of bovine insulin in the world; in 1967, the first hydrogen bomb was successfully air-blasted; in 1970, the "Dongfanghong-1" artificial earth satellite was successfully launched; in the 70s In the early days, Chen Jingrun proved Goldbach's "1 + 2" conjecture ... these important achievements under extremely difficult conditions have written a strong mark in the history of China's scientific and technological development.
——Adapted from CCTV and Taiwan Straits Network
1.What has laid a solid foundation for the development of science and technology in our country?
A.The founding of New China.
B.Direct help from the central.
C.A government-led and laid-out science and technology system.
D.The great call of the spirit of all the Chinese people.
2.When did New China initially form scientific and technological system consisting of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, universities, industrial departments, local scientific research units and national defense departments?
A.Before the founding of New China
B.After the reform and opening up
C.Before the Cultural Revolution
D.During the New Period of Xi Jinping's Socialism with Chinese Characteristics
3.Why did Qian Xuesen and other overseas experts and scholars return to the country?
A.The establishment of the new China inspired their hearts to serve the country.
B.They have broken through all the difficulties and obstacles overseas.
C.Their excellent ability has been recognized by New China.
D.New China had created a series of remarkable technological miracles.
4.Which of the following was not the result achieved in the 1960s?
A.The first electronic tube computer was successfully manufactured.
B.The first atomic bomb device exploded successfully.
C.The first synthetic bovine insulin in the world.
D.The first hydrogen bomb exploded successfully.
There is such a story:
A few years ago, there were two water tanks in a hotel. One was gorgeous(华丽无比) and the other was ordinary. When passers-by saw these two tanks, they always praised the former and then persuaded the hotel owner to the latter was dropped, but the wise boss just smiled.
One day, the hotel owner bought three tropical fish from other places and prepared to put them in beautiful ceramic tanks. "No, don't put them in." The tank yelled, "Will stain me!" Let me take care of them! "The other tank saw this situation and quickly took the job to himself. Alas, the boss shook his head helplessly and put the colorful tropical fish in the other tank.
"Huh, what's so great about a few tropical fish!" The gorgeous ceramic tank gave a scornful glance at another ordinary water tank, and then tidy up his clothes again.
The next day, a few children came to the store and praised the glorious water tank as usual, but when they were detailed, they found that the luxurious water tank was empty and the other was filled with colorful tropical fish. It goes without saying that the children rushed to the tank that was not amazing and admired the tropical fish that embellished it. "The stinky tank with a humble status, I will definitely surpass you!"
Day after day, year after year. Only the beautiful water tank is still empty-it misses opportunities again and again, and the other one has become the focus of attention-in its body, sometimes there are pots of exotic flowers, sometimes precious fish species, sometimes precious pebbles ... Many old hotel guests are now heading straight for their unreserved water tank, the empty water tank. Forgotten.
Ten years later, the owner of the hotel was about to move. When he cleaned the room, he found the empty water tank. Its entire body was full of "wrinkles(皱纹)." It was much inferior(逊色 ) to the other one. He said earnestly to it, "You are a water tank, but your stomach is empty without even a drop of water. It is flashy, how can you compare with others? So, you must be full, no matter how you live or study. "" I don't believe it ... "The gorgeous water tank died without repentance, because there was no real thing in the belly, the whole body broke in the last moan ...
Although the gorgeous water tank is broken, its "soul" is still there. It is looking for a person with an empty mind to be its substitute. Maybe, the next one is you ...
——Adapted from Lele Class "Two Water Tanks"
1.Without the foil of a few tropical fish, what happened to the original beautiful water tank?
A.It was greatly appreciated by passers-by. B.It was kept by the owner of the hotel.
C.Its life and study became full. D.It was completely forgotten by the old guests of the hotel.
2.The most similar meaning to the underlined word “embellished” is________.
A.Defame B.Beautify C.Energize D.To make amazing
3.What eventually broke the beautiful water tank?
A.The children threw stones madly at it. B.It was accidentally damaged by the boss when he moved.
C.Its own stubbornness and emptiness. D.It did not find a person with an empty mind to replace it.
4.What do we know according to this passage?
A.Where there is a will, there is a way. B.Three feet of ice is not a day's cold.
C.Only by shining brightly can we catch the eye. D.Learning and living cannot be empty or flashy.
Maybe it's because my mother is really old, her actions have become less blunt, and her body is not as tough as before. There has always been such a gap between my mother and me, and it has pulled me away from my mother far!
Every day my mother would wake me up, cook for me, and then lie on the windowsill and watch me go to school. I rarely communicate with my mother because she is very irritable and always loses her temper for no reason.
One day, I went home late for fun. My mother was very angry and she raised her hand and slapped me. I shouted hysterically: "Why do you hit me, I am not wrong, you are a bad mother! "My mother froze. She wanted to wipe away my tears for me, but I shook her trembling hands vigorously. She asked me softly:" Do you hate mom? "" Yes! I hate! "I bite He answered her with teeth, and ran out with tears.
I didn’t eat that day and I fell asleep early. In the middle of the night, I was too hungry to find it, so I went to the kitchen to find food. In the dark, I saw my mother sitting on the sofa, and she muttered: "My temper must be to change, I shouldn't hit Yang Yang! I'm not right! "Looking at the crying mother, the string(绳子) in my heart was gently moved again.
My mother raised her hand to hit herself, and I finally couldn't help myself. "Mom! Daughter is sorry!" Mom got up and hugged me, her arms were so warm and so safe. Mom gently wiped tears for me. What a gracious hand!
Your new schoolbag will be brought to you; someone will give you a flower umbrella in the rain; someone will give you the three fresh stuffings; she will give you the tears of grievance!
——Adapted from Lele Class "Mom's Love"
1.What makes me and my mother so far away?
A.Mother's unfavorable action B.Mom's not as strong as she used to be
C.A gap between me and my mother D.Mother's grumpy temper
2.What is the consequence of mom losing her temper for no reason?
A.I seldom communicate with my mother. B.It made mother's temper more and more irritable.
C.It made me play outside and go home late. D.I argued to my mother that I wasn't playing.
3.Why would my heart be touched?
A.I saw my mother's remorse and crying.
B.Mother went to bed without supper because she was angry.
C.Mother hugged me tightly.
D.Mother wiped away my tears with a friendly hand.
4.What do the followings reflect(反映) maternal love?
①Mother gives me an umbrella in the rain. ②Mother makes me the food I liked to eat.
③Mother comforts me when I am sad. ④My mother only watched TV and disturbed my study.
A.①② B.①③ C.①③④ D.①②③
Domestic Highlights on January 22, 2020
Xi Jinping and Italian President Matarella respectively sent congratulatory letters to the opening ceremony of the 2020 "Chinese Italian Culture and Tourism Year"
On January 21, President Xi Jinping and Italian President Matarella respectively sent congratulatory letters to congratulate the opening of the 2020 "Chinese-Italian Culture and Tourism Year" in Rome, Italy. Xi Jinping pointed out that China and Italy are outstanding representatives( 代 表 ) of Eastern and Western civilization. Years ago, the ancient Silk Road brought Chinese and Italian civilizations far apart from each other thousands of miles away; today, the "Belt and Road" initiative(倡议) has brought new vitality to our friendly exchanges that have lasted for thousands of years. Xi Jinping emphasized that both China and Italy have rich cultures and tourism. I hope that people from the Chinese and Italian cultures and the tourism industry will work together to depict the gorgeous scenery of the ancient civilization and the new era of dialogue, and make new contributions to the diversity( 多样性) of world civilizations and the mutual learning of different cultures.
The Chinese military medical expert team( 中国军医专家组)won the "Knight of Peace Medal" of ambodia(柬埔寨).
The Ministry of Defence of Cambodia held a ceremony at the Wangjiajun General Hospital in Phnom Penh on the afternoon of the 21st to award the "Knight of Peace" to the 14th batch of the Cambodian Medical Expert Team of the People's Liberation Army and the 8th medical expert team of the Naval Military Medical University to recognize them as The development of Cambodia's medical and health services, in particular, has made an important contribution to improving the medical level of Wang Jiajun General Hospital.
A comprehensive prevention and control mechanism was established in 32 departments to respond to the pneumonia epidemic of new coronavirus infection(新型冠状病毒)
The first is to incorporate pneumonitis infected with new-type coronavirus into the management of Class B infectious diseases, to take measures for the prevention and control of infectious diseases of Class A, and to incorporate the management of infectious diseases in frontier health quarantine. Working mechanism for joint prevention and control of pneumonia epidemic, with 32 units in its member units ...
1.What made China's friendly relationship with Italy have new vitality?
A.The Ancient Silk Road B.The "Belt and Road" initiative
C.Rich cultural and tourism resources D.Diversity of world civilizations
2.What was the main purpose of the Cambodian Ministry of Defense to award the Order of the Knight of Peace to the Chinese Military Medical Expert Group?
A.To appreciate the PLA's military assistance.
B.In recognition of the contribution of the Chinese Military Medical Expert Group to the social construction of Cambodia.
C.In recognition of the contribution of the Chinese Military Medical Expert Group to the improvement of the medical level of Wang Jiajun General Hospital.
D.In recognition of the contribution of the Chinese Military Medical Expert Group to the maintenance of social peace in Cambodia.
3.Which of the following is not a response to a new type of coronavirus-infected pneumonia epidemic?
A.Adopt prevention and control measures for A Class infectious diseases.
B.The new type of coronavirus-infected pneumonia epidemicis is incorporated into the administration of frontier health and quarantine infectious diseases.
C.RNA from new is extracted(被提取) and injected into mice for experiments.
D.The National Health and Health Commission established a joint prevention and control mechanism for responding to the virus.
Dear students,
Classmates, starting today, the gunshot( 枪 声 ) of the middle school entrance examination officially started. The fork( 岔 路 ) of life is in the middle entrance examination. If you miss the _______________train of the middle entrance examination, you can only take a slow train, or ride a bicycle, or you are exhausted in the onslaught on foot. _____________ nine years of hard work, or only three years, or one year, you can get the most _______________ opportunity in life and you can enter the fast lane of life. For us, the ruthless war in the middle school entrance examination, Only success, not _______________!
Only cherish time, grasp the present, take active action, and make unremitting efforts to be youthful and regretful. Let us be filled with blood and hope, unlimited hope! One thousand days and nights, you keep in_______________ "I have a magnetic needle, no the ambition( 雄 心 ) of "not stopping in the middle school entrance exam". The mountains of the book leave your backs, and the sea of heroes shows your stubbornness and hard work. We are young and we are full of _____________ . I _________________ believe that classmates after a hundred days of hard work, we will certainly be able to surpass ourselves, _________________ our ideals, and present a generous gift to our Alma mater with excellent results! In this season of kapok blossoming branches and rhododendron piles, we ushered in the _______________ entrance examination hundred. Day sprint. The sound of the clarion call has sounded, and the hearts of all our junior teachers are beating with our classmates. Although our foundation this time is not as good as ______________ of previous students, despite our gap with other schools, as long as we work hard, we can________________. The three-point day is doomed, and the seven-point fight is won, and the fight will win in the tortoise and cold race, so the turtle won the final victory because of ________________ perseverance. Lu Xun said: "Shameless last.Make it slow, ______________ stop, and be able to reach his goal. "We have come from the ______________ for more than nine hundred days. In this final sprint( 冲 刺 ), we must not be________________. Let us use our diligence to meet the destiny.
In the entrance exam, we will win!
1.A.slow B.fast C.last D.first
2.A.Though B.With C.During D.If
3.A.important B.interesting C.difficult D.exciting
4.A.end B.final C.failure D.loss
5.A.mind B.head C.hand D.body
6.A.power B.strength C.ambition D.energy
7.A.usually B.exactly C.firmly D.surely
8.A.finish B.lose C.grasp D.realize
9.A.annual B.daily C.weekly D.monthly
10.A.those B.that C.them D.this
11.A.defeat B.beat C.struggle D.succeed
12.A.his B.its C.my D.her
13.A.always B.usually C.seldom D.never
14.A.sun B.cloud C.fog D.storm
15.A.happy B.relaxed C.discouraged D.creative
—I want to give my mother a big birthday party in return for her foster care(养育之恩). What do you think?
—________.After all, mother is the one who loves us most.
A.My pleasure. B.Never mind. C.I can't agree more. D.That’s all right.
