Question

Recent development has made possible machines that print, cook, and serve a large number of foods. And the industry(产业) isn’t stopping there.

Food production

With a 3D printer, a cook can print complicated(复杂的) chocolate sculptures and beautiful pieces for decoration on a wedding cake. Not everybody can do that — it takes years of experience, but a printer makes it easy. A restaurant in Spain uses a Food printer to “re-create forms and pieces” of food that are “exactly the same,” freeing cooks to finish other tasks. In another restaurant, all of the dishes and desserts it serves are 3D-printed, rather than farm to table.

Sustainability(可持续性）

The world’s population(人口) is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some experts estimate (估计) that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to keep present levels(水平). Sustainability is becoming a necessity. 3D food printing could probably help solve the problem. Some experts believe printers could use hydrocolloids (水解胶体) from rich renewable materials(原料) like algae and grass to replace(代替) the ingredients(烹饪原料). 3D printing can reduce fuel use and emissions(排放). The stores of the future might store "food" that lasts for years, freeing up shelf space and reducing transportation and storage requirements.

Nutrition(营养)

Future 3D food printers could make food healthier. Hod Lipson, a professor at Columbia University, said, “Food printing could allow customers(消费者) to print food with customized(定制的) nutritional content, like vitamins. So instead of eating a piece of yesterday’s bread from the supermarket, you’d eat something baked just for you on demand(要求).”

Challenges

Though there are great developments in 3D food printing, the industry has many challenges to overcome. Most ingredients must be changed to a dry powder(粉末) before a printer can use them, and the printing process takes a lot of time, because ingredients interact (相互作用)with each other in very complex ways. Besides, most of the 3D food printers now use only dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad. Some experts doubt about 3D food printers, believing they are more suitable for fast food restaurants than homes and high-end restaurants.

1.What advantage(好处) does 3D printing bring to food production?

A.It teaches cooks to create new dishes. B.It saves time and effort(努力) in cooking.

C.It improves the cooking conditions. D.It helps to decorate the restaurants.

2.What does the underlined word “raise” mean in paragraph 3?

A.募集 B.导致 C.培育 D.增加

3.According to Paragraph 4, 3D-printed food ________.

A.is easier for consumers to get B.can meet personal nutritional needs

C.is tastier than food in supermarkets D.can keep all the nutrition in raw(生的) materials

4.What is the main factor(因素) that prevents 3D food printing from spreading widely?

A.The printing process is not long. B.3D food printers are too expensive.

C.Food materials have to be dry. D.Some experts doubt 3D food printing.

5.What could be the best title of the passage?

A.3D Food Printing: Delicious New Technology B.A New Way to Improve 3D Food Printing

C.The Challenges for 3D Food Production D.3D Food Printing: From Farm to Table

Answer

1.B

2.D

3.B

4.C

5.A

【解析】

文章大意：文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战。

1.推理判断题。Food production 部分中叙述了没有经验的人可以用3D打印机做出复杂的巧克力雕塑和美丽的婚礼蛋糕，以及餐厅能够用3D打印出所有的菜肴和甜点，从而可以推断出3D打印的优势是节省了做饭的时间和精力。故选B。

2.词义猜测题。根据文中“The world’s population(人口) is expected to grow to 9.6 billion by 2050, and some experts estimate (估计) that food production will need to be raised by 50 percent to keep present levels(水平). ”预计到2050年，世界人口将增长到96亿，一些专家估计，粮食产量需要提高50%，才能保持目前的水平。可知，加下划线的raise是“增加”的意思，故选D。

3.细节理解题。根据 Nutrition 部分中的“Food printing could allow consumers to print food with customized nutritional content, like vitamins.”食品打印可以让消费者打印定制营养的食物，从而可以推断出3D打印出来的食物可以满足个人营养需求。故选B。

4.细节理解题。根据 Challenges 部分中的“most of the 3D food printers now are restricted to dry ingredients, because meat and milk products may easily go bad.”可知，阻止3D打印食物进一步广泛使用的原因是原料必须是干的，含水多的肉和牛奶不能应用于3D打印因为很容易坏。

故选C。

5.主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了3D打印技术在食物上的应用取得了进展，但目前仍面临着许多方面的挑战．所以用标题3D Food Printing：Delicious New Technology最合适，故选A。