Question

    In the science film Sunshine, an astronaut named Mace must leave his spacecraft without a protective suit for 15 seconds. He makes it through with the damage(损害) as a result of being very cold. Have you ever wondered what might happen to your body in space without a spacesuit?

On Earth, our atmosphere (air) protects us from the sun’s harmful UV rays, controls temperatures and also keeps a nice atmosphere pressure. The vacuum (真空) of space, however, is full of dangers.

One of the serious dangers Mace might face in outer space is ebullism (体液沸腾). The pressure in the vacuum of space is so low that the boiling point of the fluids (液体) in your body drops below the body’s normal temperature (37℃), which results in the formation of gas bubbles in your fluids that can really make you feel aching.

Another serious danger is the lack of oxygen. After around 15 seconds, your body would have used up all pf the oxygen in your body and you’d lose consciousness (意识). Some of you may be thinking “But I can hold my breath for minutes!?” The situation in space is a little different than here on Earth because of the lack of outside pressure, and if you held your breath in space without a suit you’d be in a big trouble. This is because any remaining air would rapidly enlarge, breaking the lungs.

After losing consciousness, you’ll probably last a couple of minutes at most before you die. Of course, there’s all that awful UV from the Sun which is going to give you serious sun burn, likely leading to cancer.

Is little damage for coldness a reasonable result of Sunshine’s suit less spacewalk? Actually it’s extremely cold in space, but astronauts wouldn’t immediately freeze because heat leaves the body very slowly in a vacuum. Therefore, the cold wouldn’t cause Mace too much harm in just 15 seconds, even if he faced the very lowest temperatures in space. The more likely damage would be caused from the enlargement and breaking of the skin’s small blood vessels (血管). 

Anyway, obviously it’s never a good idea to go into space without some kind of protection. But don’t lose hope because you are probably saved with timely help before you die, so keep up!

1.Where can we read the passage?

A.In a magazine. B.In a diary.

C.In a movie poster. D.In a how-to book.

2.What does the writer think of the air or the vacuum?

A.The vacuum helps astronauts walking and Waving in space.

B.The air supplies living protection and temperature control.

C.The air brings people serious problems sometimes on Earth.

D.The pressure of vacuum in space increases the boiling point.

3.What is the purpose of writing this passage?

A.To encourage readers to watch the film Sunshine.

B.To show the readers many serious air problems.

C.To discuss the causes of cancer from the sunburn.

D.To explain the unreasonable damage in the film.

4.What is the best title of the passage?

A.Keep Alive in Space B.Walking Freely in Space

C.Without a Spacesuit D.Coldness Damage in Space

Answer

1.A

2.B

3.D

4.C

【解析】

本文主要介绍如果没有宇航服，身体在太空中会发生什么变化？

1.推理判断题。A：在一本杂志中；B：在一本日记里；C：在电影海报中；D：在一本操作手册中。分析文章内容可知，本文是一篇科普说明文，主要讲述如果没有宇航服，身体在太空中的变化，所以最有可能出现在杂志中。故选A。

2.细节理解题。A：真空帮助宇航员在太空行走和挥手；B：空气供应，生活保护和温度控制；C：空气有时会给地球上的人们带来严重的问题；D：真空在空间中的压力增加了沸点。根据“On Earth, our atmosphere (air) protects us from the sun’s harmful UV rays, controls temperatures and also keeps a nice atmosphere pressure.”可知，作者认为在地球上，我们的大气层(空气)保护我们免受太阳有害的紫外线，控制温度并保持良好的大气压力。结合选项，故选B。

3.推理判断题。A：鼓励读者观看电影《阳光》；B：向读者展示许多严重的空气问题；C：讨论晒伤引起癌症的原因；D：解释影片中不合理的损坏。作者用电影中的片段引起本文主题，通过解释说明告诉我们电影中无防护措施进入太空的片段是不合理的。故选D。

4.最佳标题题。A：在太空中活着；B：在太空中自由行走；C：不穿宇航服；D：空间寒冷损伤。根据全文内容可知，本文主要向我们介绍如果没有宇航服，身体在太空中会发生的变化。结合选项，故选C。