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Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer. Any owner will tall you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners –while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did It best .Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned Most quickly to baseline heart rates .With pets in the room ,people also made fewer math mistakes Than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more released (放松)around Pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge. A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwesterm Memorial Hospital spent a Year studying 36 fat people and were put on a diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 fat people without pets were put on a diet program. On average，people lost about 11 pounds， Or 5% of their body weight .Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12 pounds，more then 15%of their body weight .Dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but ,say Researchers，got more exercise overall –mostly with their dogs –and found it worth doing. 1. What does the text mainly discuss? A．What pets bring to their owners B．How pets help people calm down C．people’s opinions of keeping pets D．Pet’s value in medical research 2.We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if ____________ A．he has a pet companion B．he has less stress of work C．he often dose mental arithmetic D．he is taken care of by his family 3.According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks? A．They have lower blood pressure. B．They become more patient. C．They are less nervous. D．They are in higher spirits. 4. The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that A．people with dogs did more exercise B．dogs lost the same weight as people did C．dogs liked exercise much more than people did D．people without dogs found the program unhelpful
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| 2. 难度：中等 | |
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Science is a dominant theme in our culture. Since it touches almost every facet of our life, educated people need at least some acquaintance with its structure and operation. They should also have an understanding of the subculture in which scientists live and the kinds of people they are. An understanding of general characteristics of science as well as specific scientific concepts is easier to attain if one knows something about the things that excite and frustrate the scientist. This book is written for the intelligent student or lay person whose acquaintance with science is superficial; for the person who has been presented with science as a musty storehouse of dried facts; for the person who sees the chief objective of science as the production of gadgets; and for the person who views the scientists as some sort of magician. The book can be used to supplement a course in any science, to accompany any course that attempts to give an understanding of the modern world, or – independently of any course – simply to provide a better understanding of science. We hope this book will lead readers to a broader perspective on scientific attitudes and a more realistic view of what science is, who scientists are, and what they do. It will give them an awareness and understanding of the relationship between science and our culture and an appreciation of the roles science may play in our culture. In addition, readers may learn to appreciate the relationship between scientific views and some of the values and philosophies that are pervasive in our culture. We have tried to present in this book an accurate and up-to-date picture of the scientific community and the people who populate it. That population has in recent years come to comprise more and more women. This increasing role of women in the scientific subculture is not an unique incident but, rather, part of the trend evident in all segments of society as more women enter traditionally male-dominated fields and make significant contributions. In discussing these changes and contribution, however, we are faced with a language that is implicitly sexist, one that uses male nouns or pronouns in referring to unspecified individuals. To offset this built-in bias, we have adopted the policy of using plural nouns and pronouns whenever possible and, when absolutely necessary, alternating he and she. This policy is far form being ideal, but it is at least an acknowledgment of the inadequacy of our language in treating half of the human race equally. We have also tried to make the book entertaining as well as informative. Our approach is usually informal. We feel, as do many other scientists, that we shouldn’t take ourselves too seriously. As the reader may observe, we see science as a delightful pastime rather than as a grim and dreary way to earn a living.
1.According to the passage, ‘scientific subculture’ means [A] cultural groups that are formed by scientists. people whose knowledge of science is very limited. [C] the scientific community. [D] people who make good contribution to science. 2.We need to know something about the structure and operation of science because [A] it is not easy to understand the things that excite and frustrate scientists. Science affects almost every aspect of our life. [C] Scientists live in a specific subculture. [D] It is easier to understand general characteristics of science. 3.The book mentioned in this passage is written for readers who [A] are intelligent college students and lay person who do not know much about science. are good at producing various gadgets. [C] work in a storehouse of dried facts. [D] want to have a superficial understanding of science. 4.According to this passage, [A] English is a sexist language. only in the scientific world is the role of women increasing rapidly. [C] women are making significant contributions to eliminating the inadequacy of our language. [D] male nouns or pronouns should not be used to refer to scientists. 5.This passage most probably is [A] a book review. the preface of a book. [C] the postscript of a book. [D] the concluding part of a book.
Vocabulary subculture 亚文化群（指在一个社会或一种文化内具有独特性的一群人） superficial 肤浅的，浅薄的，表面的 lay person 外行，门外汉，俗人 musty 发毒的，老朽的，陈腐的 gadget 小玩意儿，小配件，新发明 pervasive 渗透的，弥漫的，遍布的 populate 居住于……中，在……中占一席之地 implicit 含蓄的，内含的 unspecified 未特别提出的 offset 抵消，补偿
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| 3. 难度：中等 | ||||
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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Shakespeare's Birthplace and Exhibition of Shakespeare's World Welcome to the world-famous house where William Shakespeare was born in 1564 and where he grew up. The property(房产)remained in the ownership of Shakespeare’s family until 1806.The House has welcomed visitors traveling from all over the word ,for over 250 years. Enter though the Visitors’ Centre and see the highly-praised exhibition Shakespeare’s World, a lively and full introduction to the life and work of Shakespeare. Stand in the rooms-where Shakespeare grew up. Discover examples of furniture and needle work from Shakespeare’s period. Enjoy the traditional(传统的)English garden, planted with trees and flowers mentioned in the poet’s works. The Birthplace is within easy walking distance of all the car parks shown on the map; nearest is Windsor Street(3 minutes’ walk). The House may present difficulties but the Visitors’ Centre, its exhibition, and the garden are accessible(可进入的)to wheelchair user.
1.. How much is the admission for a family of two grown-ups and two children? A. ＄9.80 B.＄12.00 C.＄14.20 D.＄16.40 2. Where is the nearest parking place to Shakespeare’s Birthplace? A. Behind the exhibition hall. B. Opposite the Visitors’ Centre. C. At Windsor street. D. Near the Coffee House. 3. A wheelchair user may need help to enter . A. the House B the garden C. the Visitor’s Centre D. the exhibition hall
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