In the 1880s, people drank John Pemberton’s tonic to cure headaches. It wasn’t a very popular drink, and he sold only about a dozen drinks a day. That’s why Pemberton was willing to sell the rights to his medicinal drink. The buyer, Asa Griggs Candler, paid just $ 2,300 for the rights to Coca-Cola. Today, Coca-Cola (or Coke) is worth billions of dollars. It controls 50 percent of the world market in soft drinks.

How did Coca-Cola become so popular? One answer is that Asa Candler was a very clever businessman. He was one of the first people to use mass marketing. How did he do this? First, he made his product unique. When he bought the rights to Coca-Cola, it came in ordinary bottles. It looked like every other drink on the market. To make Coca-Cola look different, Candler modernized the bottles. He also made an eye-catching logo for his products. When other companies tried to imitate Coca-Cola’s name, Candler took them to court.

In addition to the unique bottle and logo, Candler spent a lot of time and money advertising his product. He used advertising to make a powerful image of Coca-Cola in the minds of his customers. He gave away free bottles of Coke. He put the name of his drink on pencils, trays, Japanese fans, matches, and many other things. Then he gave the things to people for free. He advertised Coca-Cola in the newspaper and painted the words “Drink Coca-Cola” on the sides of buildings and barns. By 1902, Coca-Cola was the best known product in the United States.

Candler was also able to make memorable advertisements. They often had catchy slogans such as “The Pause That Refreshes.” He also used famous athletes to advertise his product. They helped people to think of Coca-Cola as a delicious drink for everyone.

Today, businesses all over the world use mass marketing, but the makers of Coke were the first.

1.Candler bought the rights to Coca-Cola from _______. 

A. the inventor of a medicinal drink     B. a well-known businessman

C. a doctor                         D. a carpenter

2. The underlined sentence in paragraph 2 implies that __________.

A. he invited people from other companies to attend a court ball

B. he shared Coca-Cola’s name with other companies after they went back from the court

C. he played basketball with people from other companies on the basketball court

D. he took legal action to those who wanted to copy Coca-Cola’s name

3. Candler used slogans to advertise his product. Slogans are _______.

A. popular music      B. free products     C. memorable phrases  D. simple things

4. By using mass marketing, Asa tried many ways EXCEPT _______.

A. making Coca-Cola look different

B. paying $ 2,300 for the rights to Coca-Cola

C. advertising Coca-Cola a powerful image in the minds of the customers

D. using famous athletes to advertise his product

5.The passage is mainly to _______.

A. explain that it is easy to use mass marketing

B. advice people to spend a lot of money and time on mass marketing

C. tell how Asa changes Coca-Cola into a worldwide business by using mass marketing

D. describe different ways of using mass marketing

Americans use many expressions with the word “dog”. People in the United States love their dogs and treat them well. They take their dogs for walks, let them play outside and give them good food and medical care. However, dogs without owners to care for lead a different kind of life. The expression “to lead a dog’s life” describes a person who has an unhappy existence.

Some people say we live in a dog-eat-dog world. That means many people are competing for the same things, like good jobs. They say that to be successful, a person has to work like a dog. This means they have to work very, very hard. Such hard work can make people dog-tired. And, the situation would be even worse if they became sick as a dog.

Still, people say every dog has its day. This means that every person enjoys a successful period during his or her life. To be successful, people often have to learn new skills. Yet, some people say that you can never teach an old dog new tricks. They believe that older people do not like to learn new things and will not change the way they do things.

People who are unkind or uncaring can be described as meaner than a junkyard dog. Junkyard dogs live in places where people throw away things they do not want. Mean dogs are often used to guard this property. They bark or attack people who try to enter the property. However, sometimes a person who appears to be mean and threatening is really not so bad. We say his bark is worse than his bite.

Doghouse provide shelter but they can be cold and lonely in the winter. Husbands and wives use this doghouse term when they are angry at each other. For example, a woman might get angry at her husband for coming home late or forgetting their wedding anniversary. She might tell him that he is in the doghouse. However, the husband may decide that it is best to leave things alone and not create more problems. He might decide to let sleeping dogs lie.

Dog expressions also are used to describe the weather. The dog days of summer are the hottest days of the year. A rainstorm may cool the weather. But we do not want it to rain too hard. We do not want it to rain cats and dogs.

1.The passage tells us something about________.

A. dogs and their life    B. the expressions that describe dogs

C. the meaning of expressions with the word “dog”    D. the structures of dog expressions

2. By saying _______, we compare people to dogs in bad ways.

A. “meaner than a junkyard dog”     B. “to work like a dog”

C. “teach an old dog new tricks”     D. “as sick as a dog”

3.By saying ________, we mean every person enjoys a successful period in life.

A. “he lives in a dog-eat-dog world”  B. “he leads a dog’s life”

C. “he is in the doghouse”          D. “every dog has its day”

4. If we advise the others to leave things alone and not create more problems, we say_______.

A. “become sick as a dog”  B. “rain cats and dogs”

C. “let sleeping dogs lie”   D. “stay in the doghouse”

5. It has been really hot these days, as _______.

A. it rains cats and dogs      B. we are having the dog days of summer

C. we’re leading a dog’s life  D. we’re in the dog’s house

阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空

We all know that exercise is   1.   important part of a healthy lifestyle. You will get a better general fitness with   2.  (strong) bones and muscles. It will stop you putting  3.   weight and you’ll feel happy   4.   you have done something good. It’s also an opportunity to meet up with friends or make new ones.

  5.  , not everyone likes doing exercise or playing sporting. But don’t you think it’s time to stop   6.  (make) excuses and start doing something fun and healthy?

Here are some excuses young people use   7.   they don’t want to exercise: “None of my friends or family does it.” “It’s a boy thing.” “It’s sweaty.” “I don’t want muscles.” “I’m overweight.” “I don’t like joining teams.” “I’d rather play with the computer.”

“It’s not cool.” Try   8.  (tell) David Beckham this? All right, we can’t all reach the very top, but we can benefit   9.   being fitter. People who tell you it’s not cool are usually the   10.    who couldn’t run to catch a bus if their lives depended on it.

One night I went to Himeji, a city not far from Kobe. As I walked with my family along the river I saw a __20__. It was a young man who looked just like me. He was wearing a cap and smiling. Around his neck was a leather strap （皮带）and in his hands was a saxophone. He was __21___ the saxophone to his __22__ and just about to play. My family walked on up the river towards the castle __23__ I stayed there by the statue, __24__ of playing a saxophone on TV.

Two weeks later it was my birthday. Imagine my __25___ when I opened my present from my parents and found that it was a __26__! I put it to my lips to play, but it wouldn’t make a sound. Then Dad told me to read the __27___ book to find out what to do. After about 15 minutes the saxophone was ready to play. I __28__hard but I couldn’t get the saxophone to play. I was almost __29___ when suddenly the saxophone made the most beautiful sound – loud and clear like I __30__ the music of the man by the river in Kobe. 

[写作内容]  假如你是个中学生， 你发现大街上随地吐痰的情况很严重。请你就此事用英文给某报社编辑写一封信，信的开头及结尾署名已给出。信的内容要点如下：

1. 随地吐痰传播疾病，有害健康，污染环境；

2. 政府应该采取措施，对在公共场所随地吐痰者处以从重罚款并加强教育；

3. 希望人人都关心爱护环境，使城市更加美丽。

[写作要求]

只能使用五个句子表达全部的内容，但不得把五句分开写；

 [评分标准]   

句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。

Dear editor,

I am a middle school student. I often see some people spitting in the street. ______________

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely,

Li Hua

1..______  ______  ______ (依照) natural resources, Japan is the poorest country in Asia.

2..They spent a long time in going into practical details _______  _______ (与有联系) the building of the stadiums for the 26^th Summer Universiade (2011 Shenzhen).

3.. The missing boy had nowhere to stay and _______  _______ (结果为) sleeping in the

railway station.

4.. On the way to school, Mary _______  _______  _______ (突然遭遇) in the traffic jam.

5... The pretty girl, though ______  ______ (养育) in a rich family, behaves very badly at school.

1..The United Kingdom, which has four countries with one government, is off the northwest

coast of c____________ (大陆) Europe.

2.. Paris, s____________ (位于) in the river Seine, is the capital and largest city of France.

“I____________” (居民) is the word used to describe those who live in a particular place.

3.. The five countries — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa —known as “Brics (金砖国家)”, share some s____________ (相似之处) in developing their economies and improving the people’s living conditions.

4.. Natural d____________ (灾难), such as earthquakes, volcanoes, and hurricanes, kill hundreds

of thousands of people every year.

5. Usually, fires caused by earthquakes did the most d____________(损失).

6.. A mass c____________ (运动) has started in China to help protect the environment.

7..Sandstorms appear to have increased in China recently as a result of “d _________ (沙漠化)”.

8.. Weather experts have f____________ (预报) another big sandstorm in a week’s time.

9.. For many years, Mencius travelled from state to state, teaching the p____________ (原则) of Confucius.

10..Philosophers are people whose ideas are very i____________ (有影响力) .

11..It is my r____________ (责任) to make sure that all the lights are turned off when we leave

the classroom.

12.. One of Barcelona’s most famous l____________ (地标) is the Church of the Sagrada Familia, which was designed by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.

13..The lawyer acted as her r____________ (代表) in the hearings.

14..The US government will have to meet the c____________ (挑战) of rising unemployment.

请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。 

首先，请阅读下列英语电影的名称及内容简介：

A. Birth of a Nation  Birth of a Nation was the most popular film of the silent era. The message in the film was that African Americans could never be integrated into the white society as equals. Race violence directed against African Americans took place in many cities. In the South, African Americans were only allowed to go to separate schools, hotels, and restaurants.

B. Gone with the Wind  Gone with the Wind was the costliest and most popular film of Hollywood’s Golden Era. Producer David Selznick had promised that the film would be free of any anti-Negro ideas. Although it did not use white actors in blackface, like Birth of a Nation, its picture of enslaved African Americans as loyal but scatter-brained house servants and clumsy field hands was what the white thought the black ought to be then.

C. Glory  Glory offers a powerful retelling of the story of the first black regiment (团) during the American Civil War. Half the regiment’s men were killed or wounded in the war, but it dramatically demonstrated the courage of African American troops in battle. However, the film failed to describe the larger historical context of the Civil War.

D. Amistad  The Steven Spielberg film is about a historical event. In 1839, a group of Africans were captured and shipped to the Spanish colony of Cuba. During trans-shipment to nearby sugar plantations, 53 slaves overpowered the crew. The captives then ordered the two men who had purchased them to navigate the ship toward Africa. At night, however, the men sailed the ship northward and westward. The case ultimately went to the Supreme Court. In 1841, the Court freed the captives.

E. Beloved  The film is based on Margaret Garner’s story of killing her own two-year-old daughter Mary. Margaret Garner said that she had intended to kill her other children rather than see them returned to slavery. She later explained that she wanted to “end their sufferings” rather than see them returned to bondage and “murdered by piecemeal”. No other work has so powerfully examined the interior life of a former slave.

F. Schindler’s List  The film concerns the lives of a thousand Jews during World War II. The film shows, unforgettably, how one man does make a difference. Schindler proves that man’s morality and humanity are always alive. “Save one life, save the world entire.” The heavy tone and fearful atmosphere of the film are heightened by black-and-white cinematography.

以下是与电影相关的评论文章标题，请匹配标题与它们所对应的电影：

1.Inner Hurt

2.International Slave Trade

3.Civil Rights

4.Blacks with Low Abilities

5.Brave Blacks

Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permission or scan the websites you’ve visited. Or perhaps someone will casually glance through your credit card purchases or cell phone bills to find out your shopping preferences or calling habits.

    In fact，it’s likely some of these things have already happened to you．Who would watch you without your permission? It might be a girlfriend，a marketing company, a boss，a policeman or a criminal. Whoever it is，they will see you in a way you never intended to be seen — the 21^st century equal to being caught naked (裸露的).

    Psychologists tell us boundaries are healthy, though it's important to reveal (透露) yourself to friends，family and lovers in stages, at appropriate times. Actually few boundaries remain. The digital breadcrumbs (面包屑) you leave everywhere make it easy for strangers to reconstruct who you are，where you are and what you like. In some cases，a simple Google search can reveal what you think. Like it or not, increasingly we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret.

    The key question is: Does that matter? For many Americans, the answer apparently is “no”.

    When opinion polls (民意调查) ask Americans about privacy, most say they are concerned about losing it. A survey found a majority of people are pessimistic (悲观的) about privacy, with 60 percent of respondents saying they feel their privacy is “slipping away, and that bothers me.”

    But people say one thing and do another. Only a small part of Americans change any behaviors in an effort to protect their privacy. Few people turn down a discount at tollbooths (收费亭) to avoid using the EZ — Pass system that can track (跟踪) automobile movements. And few turn down supermarket loyalty cards. Privacy economist Alessandro Acquits has run a series of tests that reveal people will submit personal information like Social Security numbers just to get their hands on a pitiful 50-cents-off coupon (优惠券).

But privacy does matter — at least sometimes. It’s like health; when you have it, you don’t notice it. Only when it’s gone do you wish you’d done more to protect it.

1... What would psychologists advise on the relationships between friends?

   A. There should be a distance even between friends.

   B. There should be fewer quarrels between friends.

   C. Friends should always be faithful to each other.

   D. Friends should open their hearts to each other.

2... Why does the author say “we live in a world where you simply cannot keep a secret”?

   A. There are always people who are curious about others’ affairs.

   B. Many search engines profit by revealing people’s identities.

 C. People leave traces around when using modem technology.

   D. Modem society has finally developed into an open society.

3... What do most Americans do to protect privacy?

    A. They change behaviors that might disclose their identity.

    B. They talk a lot but hardly do anything about it.

    C. They rely more and more on electronic equipment.

    D. They use various loyalty cards for business deals.

4..．We can infer from Paragraph 2 that _________.

   A. criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology

   B. people tend to be more frank with each other in the information age

   C. in the 21st century people try every means to look into others’ secrets

   D. people’s personal information is easily accessed without their knowledge

5..．According to the passage，privacy is like health in that _________.

A. its importance is rarely understood          B. it is something that can easily be lost

C. people will make every effort to keep it     D. people don’t treasure it until they lose it

Bexley Middle School eighth-graders won the grand prize at the 2009 National Engineers Week Future City Competition (TM) on Feb. 18 in Washington, D.C. They competed with 37 other schools across the country.

The students qualified for the national competition by winning a regional competition on Jan. 17 in Columbus. By winning the national event, the students earned an all-expenses paid trip to Space Camp in Huntsville, Ala., according to a Bexley school district news report.

Future City aims to stir (激发) interest in science, technology, engineering and math among young people. Bexley team members were Tom Krajnak, Abby Sharp, Wyatt Peery, Elizabeth Maher, Aaron Hutchinson and Truman Haycock. They work in teams under the guidance of a teacher, Margaret Englehardt, and a volunteer engineer, Mark Sherman, design and build a city of tomorrow. Mayor John Brennan presented the students during a recent Bexley City Council meeting. Each team in the Future City competition plans its city using Sim City software and creates a model to show a physical representation of one section of the city. Team members must write both an essay about the yearly theme and an abstract about their city. They also must make a presentation to judges.

Focusing on eco-responsibility, the Bexley team built “Novo-Mondum,” an Icelandic city in the year 2171. Krajnak said the team’s project included a new water system for each resident unit and a 500-word essay on using bacteria to purify water. “We used our essay and abstract (摘要) to build a model,” he said. “It was hard to organize which building would go where, what each building does and how to make it look good.”

Englehardt said her students did a good job answering impromptu (即席) questions during the regional competition. “They can think on their feet,” she said. Principal Harley Williams said the school is very proud of the students’ performance.

1... From the passage we can learn that the grand prize winners will _________.

A. receive scholarship for further studies          

B. get a free trip to Space Camp in Huntsville

C. earn a large sum of money for their designs     

D. be admitted to universities without exams

2..The goal of the Future City competition is to _________.

A. make the Sim City software popular            

B. test the students’ knowledge of city planning

C. select future engineers from young students     

D. make students become interested in engineering

3.. Each team must do the following EXCEPT _________.

A. write brief abstracts describing their city        

B. present and defend their designs before judges

C. build a future city in Iceland by themselves      

D. create model cities using the Sim City software

4.. According to Margaret Englehardt, the students _________.

A. always stand still in the competition            

B. react very quickly to the questions

C. prepare for the questions in advance        

D. take pride in the advisers’ performance

5.