Since 1950, the amount of information about the nutrition of food has increased by nearly 900 percent. Besides this fact, obesity has risen by 214 percent and nearly two out of every three adults in America are overweight or obese. Being overweight is not only an appearance problem, and it also increases the risk of various diseases including diabetes, sleep disorder and cancer.
With so much nutritional knowledge easy to find, we cannot simply ignore our present obesity epidemic(流行病). We know that fruits and vegetables are rich in vitamin. Though we are overweight, many of us choose junk food over healthy food out of habits. One explanation for our strong desire for junk food is that we learn to connect junk food with positive feelings when we are young, and changing this attitude requires a huge amount of confidence and determination. Fortunately, new research published in May 2012 has shown a simple and accessible way to make healthier food choices- the one that doesn’t rely on great determination.
The research was based on two separate studies and it was carried out by T. Bettina Cornwell of the University of Oregon and Anna R. McAlister of Michigan State University. In the first study, 60 adults between the ages of 19 and 23 were questioned about the role of food and drinks. The survey tells us that adults prefer sweetened drinks with high-calorie, salty foods, to sweetened drinks with vegetables.
In the second study, 75 children between the ages of 3 and 5 were gathered for some experiments including drinks served with vegetables. The preschooler experiments were carried out under different situations and on different days. The researchers found that the children chose to take more green vegetables when they were served with water instead of a sweetened drink.
According to Cornwell, children learn to connect high calorie, sugary drinks such as cola, with high fat foods such as French fries, from a very early age. McAlister adds that early taste development appears to play an important role in food choices later in life. Meals served at home and meals offered at restaurants, set the stage for this idea and for the preference to choose junk food over healthy food, when beginning to take sweetened drinks.
“Our taste preferences are heavily influenced by regularly eating particular food and drinking particular drink,” states Cornwell. “If the drink on the table goes against both adults and children eating their vegetables, then perhaps it is time to change that drink… and to serve water with all meals. Restaurants could easily use water as free drink for children’s meals and charge extra money for other drinks.” Both McAlister and Cornwell are confident that serving water with meals could effectively reduce the nation’s obesity rates, diabetes rates and ever rising healthcare costs.
1.What may cause the risk of diseases according to the text?
A．Over nutrition. B．Obesity. C．Unbalance diets. D．Junk food.
2.What makes many of us choose junk food according to the author?
A．Positive feelings about food. B．High calorie of junk food.
C．Nice taste. D．Eating habits.
3.The underlined word “accessible” in Paragraph 2 means”_________”.
A．quick B．useful C．easy to change D．easy to get
4.From Paragraph5, we know that __________.
A．children may like sugary and high-calorie drinks even from an early age
B．early preference for food and drink may influence food choices later in life
C．easy preference for drinks should not be allowed in most of the restaurants
D．restaurants should provide the same food and drink as those at home
5.Which would be the best title for this text?
A．Stop children drinking sugary drinks
B．Drink water to eat more healthy
C．Change eating habits to lose weight
D．Eat healthy food at home
You wake up in the morning，the day is beautiful and the plans for the day are what you have been looking forward to for a long time. Then the telephone rings，you say hello, and the drama starts．The person on the other end has a depressing tone in his voice as he starts to tell you how terrible his morning is and that there is nothing to look forward to．You are still in a wonderful mood? Impossible!
Communicating with negative people can wash out your happiness．It may not change what you think，but communicating long enough with them will make you feel depressed for a moment or a long time．
Life brings ups and downs，but some people are stuck in the wrong idea that life has no happiness to offer．They only feel glad when they make others feel bad．No wonder they can hardly win others’ pity or respect．
When you communicate with positive people，your spirit stays happy and therefore more positive things are attracted．When the dagger(匕首) of a negative person is put in you，you feel the heavy feeling that all in all，brings you down．
Sometimes we have no choice but to communicate with negative people．This could be a co-worker，or a relative．In this case，say what needs to be said as little as possible. Sometimes it feels good to let out your anger back to the negative person，but all this does is to lower you to that same negative level and they won’t feel ashamed of themselves about that．
Negativity often affects happiness without even being realized．The negative words of another at the start of the day can cling to(附着) you throughout the rest of your day，which makes you feel bad and steals your happiness．Life is too short to feel negative．Stay positive and avoid negativity as much as possible．
1.The purpose of the first paragraph is to ___________.
A．make a comparison B．offer an evidence
C．introduce a topic D．describe a daily scene
2.How can negative people have effect on us?
A．By influencing our emotion．
B．By telling us the nature of life．
C．By changing our ways of thinking．
D．By comparing their attitudes to life with ours．
3.Some negative people base their happiness on _____________.
A．other people’s pity for them B．making other people unhappy
C．building up a positive attitude D．other people’s respect for them
4.According to the passage, to reduce negative people’s influence on us，we are advised to _____.
A．change negative people’s attitudes to life
B．show our dissatisfaction to negative people
C．make negative people feel ashamed of themselves
D．communicate with negative people as little as possible
5.What is the author’s attitude towards negative people?
A．Favorable． B．Critical. C．Indifferent. D．Supportive.
A man was on the side of the road hitchhiking（搭便车）on a very dark night in the middle of a terrible rainstorm, with no cars on the road．The storm was so strong that the man could hardly see a few feet ahead of him．Suddenly, he saw a car come towards him and stop．The man, without thinking about it, got in the car and closed the door and only then did he realize that there was nobody behind the steering wheel（方向盘）!
The car started to move very slowly. The man looked at the road and saw a curve （拐弯处）coming his way. Terrified, he started to pray, begging for his life. He had not come out of shock when, just before the car hit the curve, a hand suddenly appeared through the window and moved the wheel. The man, paralyzed with fear, watched how the hand appeared every time the car was drawing near a curve．Finally, although terrified, the man managed to open the door and jump out of the spooky （幽灵般的）car. Without looking back, the man ran through the storm all the way to the nearest town. In a state of complete horror, the man walked into a nearby bar and asked for two glasses of Scotch whisky.
Then, still shaking with fright, he started telling everybody in the bar about the horrible experience he just went through in the spooky car. Everyone in the bar listened in silence and became frightened, with hair standing on end, when they realized the man was telling the truth because he was crying and he was certainly not drunk!
About half an hour later, two other young men walked into the same bar and one said to the other, “Hey, there’s a stupid man who jumped into the car while we were pushing it!”
1.After he entered the car, the man found ____________.
A．it didn’t move at all. B．it moved very quickly.
C．there was no driver in it. D．someone was pushing it.
2.When the car was first drawing near a curve, the man _______________ .
A．felt very curious B．was extremely frightened
C．cried for help D．remained as calm as possible
3.According to the passage, what made the man’s experience believable?
A．His reasonable behavior. B．His vivid description.
C．His plain appearance. D．His honest attitude.
4.We can infer from the passage that ____________ .
A．it is unsafe for people to take a free ride
B．the man was telling a lie to his listeners
C．the car probably broke down on the way
D．the two young men were familiar with the man
5.As a whole , the story of the man can best be described as ______________ .
A．strange B．puzzling C．mysterious D．funny
Filled with sorrow, I didn’t notice the hardness of the chair I was sitting on. I was at the funeral of my 21 . The sadness was so great that I found it hard to 22 _ at times.
Suddenly, I heard a 23 open and shut at the back of the church. Quick 24 hurried along the floor. A young man looked around in a 25 and then sat next to me. His eyes were full of tears.
“I’m 26 ,” he explained, though no explanation was 27 . After several eulogies (悼文), he leaned over and commented, “ Why do they keep 28 Mary by the name of ‘Margaret’?” “Because that was her name, Margaret. Never Mary,” I 29 . “No, that isn’t correct,” he insisted. “Her name is Mary, Mary Peters.” “That isn’t 30 this is,” I replied. “Isn’t this the Lutheran church?” “No, the Lutheran church is across the street. I believe you’re at the 31 funeral, sir.”
The solemnness (庄严) of the occasion 32 with the realization of the man’s mistake amused me and I could not help 33 . I looked at the man seated beside me. He was laughing， 34 . I imagined Mother laughing. At the 35 “Amen”, we ran out of the door and into the parking lot.
“I do believe we’ll be the 36 of the town,” he smiled. He said his name was Rick and that 37 he had missed his aunt’s funeral, he asked me out for a cup of coffee. That afternoon began a lifelong 38 for me with this man who attended the wrong funeral. A year after our meeting, we were 39 at a country church. This time we both arrived at the same church, right on time.
Whenever anyone asks us how we 40 , Rick tells them, “Her mother and my aunt Mary introduced us.”
1. B.neighbor C. mother D. aunt
2. A．imagine B．breathe C．explain D．sit
3. A．box B．bottle C．door D．window
4. A．noises B．claps C．songs D．steps
5. A．mood B．rush C．mess D．row
6. A．angry B．anxious C．full D．late
7. A．necessary B．natural C．impossible D．uncertain
8. A．confusing B．calling C．asking D．questioning
9. A．shouted B．cried C．whispered D．reported
10. A．who B．when C．why D．where
11. A．special B．wrong C．same D．different
12. A．filled B．covered C．stocked D．mixed
13. A．laughing B．wondering C．worrying D．singing
14. A．yet B．too C．either D．though
15. A．first B．middle C．second D．final
16. A．talk B．eye C．word D．idea
17. A．till B．since C．if D．before
18. A．waiting B．dream C．thought D．journey
19. A．freed B．protected C．married D．disturbed
20. A．lived B．met C．stayed D．grew
假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办的主题为“How to protect ourselves in the school?”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文。主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时，我们该如何保护自己？
1. 只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点；
2. 要求至少写出三点措施；
3. 可以适当增加细节，以行文连贯。
注意：词数120左右；开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
How to protect ourselves in the school?
Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school.
When_________________________________________________________________________________
下面文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号(∧)，并在该句下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限～词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Gary，
I’m really sorry about my using the mobile phone in your lecture the last week. Please receive my apology for being such rude a student. But I didn’t use the mobile phone for any reason. I was trying to find a part-time job last week and that day，I got a job offer and they need my further informations immediately. However，I had no other choice but try sending them a text message in class. I promise it will ever happen again. But I do need my phone back to get in touch with others. Will you be kindly enough to give it back to me? Thank you.
Tom
