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Successful people in international busin...

Successful people in international business understand the cultures of other countries and learn to change their practices in different cultures. They understand the importance of avoiding business decisions based on misconceptions—mistaken ideas.

One cause of misconceptions is ethnocentrism, the belief that one’s own culture’s way of doing things is better than the way of other cultures. It’s ethnocentrism that leads to failure in international business. To avoid ethnocentrism, it’s necessary to study the different elements(组成部分)of culture: language, values and attitudes, and customs and manners.

Language

A. knowledge of the local language can help international business people in four ways. First, people can communicate directly. Second, people are usually more open in their communication with someone who speaks their language. Third, an understanding of the language allows people to infer meanings that are not said directly. Finally, knowing the language helps people to understand the culture better.

Values are people’s basic beliefs about the difference between right and wrong, good and bad . An attitude is a way of thinking or acting. Values and attitudes influence international business. For example, many people in the United States believe that chocolate from Switzerland is better than chocolate from other countries, and they buy a lot of it.

Customs and manners

Customs are common social practices. Manners are ways of acting that the society believes are polite. For example, in the United States,  it is the custom to have salad before the main course at dinner, not after. It’s not acceptable to talk with food in mouth at table. Failure to understand the customs and manners of other countries will bring difficulty selling their products. Orange juice as a breakfast drink of an American company in France doesn’t sell well because the French don’t usually drink juice with breakfast.

1.A. knowledge of the local language allows international business people _________.

A. to be more open with their customers

B. to have a better idea of their own culture

C. to express their thoughts indirectly

D. to communicate without outside help

2.The act of many people buying chocolate of Switzerland shows the role of ________.

A.attitudes          B.values            C.manners          D.customs

3.What would be the best title for the text?

A.Misconceptions in Business

B.Basic Beliefs in Business

C.International Business Culture

D.Successful International Business

4.The author’s purpose of writing this article is to tell people ___________

A.how to take a right attitude in business

B.how to avoid misunderstandings in business

C.how to use a local language in business

D.how to act politely and properly in business

 

1.D 2.A 3.C 4.B 【解析】 试题分析:本文叙述了成功的生意人之所以能取得成功,一个重要的原因在于他们理解不同民族的文化,并学会了根据不同的文化而改变自己的行为,即没有“民族优越感”。那么,怎样才能避免每个人心中由来已久的“民族优越感”呢?本文就语言,态度和价值观及风俗习惯等几个方面提出了一些建议。 1.细节理解题。根据由第二自然段中的First, people can communicate easily一句可知选D。 2.推理判断题。根据根据An attitude is a way of thinking or acting.可知本题故选A。 3.主旨大意题题。根据由文章的主题段——第二自然段大意可知本题选C。 4.推理判断题。根据To avoid ethnocentrism, it’s necessary to study the different elements(组成部分)of culture: language, values and attitudes, and customs and manners. 可知本题选B。 考点:人生百味类短文阅读。
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Over the years, Americans have become used to salt.Most people have no idea how much salt they consume-on average, about 9 to 12 gram per person per day, according to the American Heart Association.That's twice the amount recommended by the government.

A new study last week showed eating even a little less salt could greatly help the heart.The scientists said the results would be thirteen percent fewer heart attacks, eight percent fewer strokes(中风), four percent fewer deaths and eleven percent fewer new cases of heart disease.

Researchers also found that the benefits would be greatest for African Americans and women.As a group, African Americans tend to have higher blood pressure than the general population, and "many studies suggest that they may be more sensitive to salt," says Dr.Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, an epidemiologist(流行病学家)at the University of California, San Francisco.Her analysis found that a reduction of 3 gram of salt per day would reduce heart attacks 8% on average; among African Americans, that rate would drop 10%.A similar result was found in women, whose stroke risk dropped 8% with a 3-g reduction in salt intake; in men, the risk fell 5%.

They and public health professionals in the United States are interested in a national campaign to persuade people to eat less salt.

However, other scientists say such a campaign is an experiment with the health of millions of people.

Michael Alderman, a high blood pressure expert and professor at Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, says that eating less salt results in lower blood pressure.But he says studies have not clearly shown that lowering salt means fewer heart attacks or strokes.

“Salt has other biological effects. Calling for reductions in the national diet could have good effects, as well as harmful results. There is not enough evidence either way,”said Michael Alderman.

1.Eating too much salt may lead to the following EXCEPT           

A.stroke            B.heart disease       C.high blood pressure D.lung cancer

2.What can we learn from the passage?

A.Most Americans take more salt than advised.

B.African women eat more salt than Americans.

C.One's origin determines how much salt he can eat.

D.Good health is just on the basis of having less salt.

3.The author's attitude toward the study is         

A.cold             B.objective          C.subjective         D.doubtful

4.What's the best title of the passage?

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B.A New Study on Salt and Diseases.

C.An Argument Over Salt and Health.

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Part-time Front Desk Position

Kirchoff, Inc.,a book development company,is looking for a part-time

front desk office worker.This position is perfect for a person who is cheerful,dependable,and pleasant to work with.Also,you should be able to welcome guests,redirect phone calls,and take messages.More importantly,you can stay cool under pressure.You are expected to work 5:00—6:00 pm weekdays.You need to fill in some forms if you are interested.

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Kirchoff,Inc.

866 United Nations Plaza,#525

New York, NY 10017

Important Points to Remember When Swimming

·Wait at least an hour after meals.

·Follow the advice of lifeguards.

·Don’t dive into unknown waters. Always swim in line with the shore.

·Find out at the seaside when and where it is safe to swim.

·Don’t use floating toys on the water. Wind can easily sweep them out to sea.

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swimmers.

Help Telephone:212-543-5902

Atlantic City Beach Office

                                                    

* Arrive on time.

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* Write a thank-you letter to anyone you have spoken to.

For more information, please visit jobweb.com

368 Cooper Square, New York,NY 10008                                            

1.If you want to work in an office, where can you get the forms to fill in?

A.Website:jobweb. com.

B.Atlantic City Beach Office.

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When the Berlin Wall came down in 1989, Leonard Bernstein gave a concert in Berlin, including Beethoven's Ode to Joy, with the word "Joy" changed to "Freedom" in the lyrics sung.The orchestra(管弦乐队)were drawn from both East and West Germany, as well as the United Kingdom, France, the Soviet Union, and the United States.

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Teary Joe was a boy with a special ability: he could cry in less than a second.If he  36 something or things became difficult, Joe would  37 a pitiful face.In this way he got everything he wanted,  38     no one could resist(抗拒) his sad face.

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Joe decided to help Pipo make some money.He went over to Pipo, took off his hat, and started crying with the most pitiful_  41 

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In the end there was no  54 .But that wasn't so bad, because Joe  55 it had been much more fun doing all those than just crying to get a piece of cake.

1.                A.damaged       B.ignored         C.bought   D.disliked

 

2.                A.put on         B.put up          C.put down D.put off

 

3.                A.though         B.until           C.because  D.unless

 

4.                A.food           B.money         C.presents  D.suggestions

 

5.                A.smile          B.doubt          C.pity  D.dream

 

6.                A.exhibitions      B.agreements      C.resources D.expressions

 

7.                A.set            B.turned         C.calmed   D.settled

 

8.                A.inspecting       B.consulting       C.deserving D.asking

 

9.                A.effort          B.promise        C.excuse   D.difference

 

10.               A.accompanied    B.accompanying   C.companied D.companying

 

11.               A.useless         B.difficult         C.hopeful   D.meaningful

 

12.               A.lightly          B.sadly           C.carefully   D.cheerfully

 

13.               A.secretly        B.hardly          C.really D.eagerly

 

14.               A.enjoyed        B.missed         C.noticed   D.caught

 

15.               A.cooked         B.prepared       C.showed   D.wanted

 

16.               A.admitted       B.allowed        C.refused   D.decided

 

17.               A.understanding   B.suggesting      C.commenting    D.remembering

 

18.               A.visit           B.clean          C.check D.leave

 

19.               A.cake           B.chance         C.luck  D.choice

 

20.               A.regretted       B.argued         C.discovered D.suggested

 

 

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