请将下列方框里所列词汇的正确形式填到短文中，每空限一词，不能重复使用。
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We can see the 1) __________ between American English British English but they are different sometimes. Many students want to know about the 2) __________ between American English and British English.
At first the language in Britain and America was the same. In 1776 America became a (an) 3) __________ country. After that, the language slowly began to change. For a long time the language in America stayed the same, while the language in England changed. For example, 300 years ago the English talked about "fall".
Today, most British people talk about "autumn", but Americans still talk abut "fall". In the same way Americans still use the expression "I guess" 4) __________ "I think", just as the British did 300 years ago.
At the same time, British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages, 5) __________ with different words. For example, the British took "typhoon" from Chinese, while the Americans took "tornado" from Spanish.
In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary. He wanted to make American English different from British English, so he changed the spelling of many words. That’s why the words "colour", "centre" and "traveller" are spelt "color", "center" and "traveler" in American English. Except for spelling, written English is more or less the same in both British and American English.
They are also different in the spoken language. For example, Americans say dance /dæns/, and in southern England they say /dɑ?ns/. In America they 6) p__________ not /nɑt/; in southern England they say /n?t/. However, most of the time people from the two countries do not have any trouble in understanding each other.
根据汉语完成句子。（请将答案写在答题卡上相应番号的横线上，一空一词。）
1.他昨天声称看见一个黑黑的、圆圆的动物在水中快速游动。
He __________ to have seen a round black creature __________ quickly through the water yesterday.
2.他们说水温这样低的湖泊不可能生存有体形如此巨大的动物。
They say that the __________ lake is __________ to be able to __________ such large living creatures.
3.当急流穿过两英里高的峡谷时，峡谷变窄了，只有350英尺。
The gorge __________ __________ 350 feet as the river rushes through the two-mile-high mountains.
4.块块巨石形象各异，条条之流流淌着传说，座座小山承载着过往。
Every rock looked like a person or animal, every stream that joined the river __________ its legend, and every hill was __________ __________ the past.
5.远山上写着20英尺见方的汉字：“建造山峡大坝，开发长江资源”。
On a distant mountain was a sign __________ 20-foot __________. “Build the Three Gorges Dam, Exploit the Yangtze River,” it __________.
6.你永远想不到她。一个人带大五个孩子所遇到的困难。
You can never imagine the difficulty she had __________ up five children all by herself.
7.这也导致了大量的美语单词和结构传入英国英语。
It has also __________ __________ lots of American words and structures __________ into British English.
8.对于美国人来说，情况稍微好些，这多亏了一位叫诺亚.韦伯斯特的人，一位1778年毕业于耶鲁大学的教师。
For Americans things are a little bit easier, __________ __________ the work of Noah Webster, a teacher who __________ from Yale University in 1778.
9.萧伯纳有这样的评论：英国及美国这两个国家被共同的语言所区分。
Gorge Bernard Shaw made the famous __________ __________ the British and The Americans are two nations divided by a common language.
10.两个国家境内的口音差异可能和两国之间的口音差异一样大。
There is probably __________ much __________ of pronunciation __________ the two countries as __________ them.
11.在旅游界有一种说法：所有游客都被敲竹杠。
There is a saying in the travel trade __________ all tourists are __________ __________.
12.《初级拼写》建议简化英语单词的拼写。
The Elementary Spelling Book suggested __________ the spelling of English words.
根据首字母或汉语提示，用单词的正确形式填空。
1.The climate is becoming worse and worse because of the ______________(毁坏) of the environment.
2.The monster is so ______________(神秘) because nobody has ever seen it.
3.Samantha is always s______________ about everything, and she never trusts anyone.
4.______________(组合) of letters may be read in different ways.
5.Callum is one of his best c______________, and they work in the same office.
6.Everyone is ______________(禁止) to copy other’s homework.
7.L______________ is the study of languages.
8.C______________ with his house, this one is relatively cheap.
9.The shop sells v______________ of goods, which sometimes make it hard to choose.
10.We were shocked by the ______________(宣布) that the foreign minister died.
When prehistoric man arrived in new parts of the world, something strong happened to the large animals; they suddenly became extinct. Smaller species survived; the large, slow-growing animals were easy game, and were quickly hunted to extinction.
Now something similar could be happening in the oceans. That the seas are being over-fished has been known for years and researchers such as Ransom Myers and Boris Worm have shown how fast things are changing. They have looked at half a century of data from fisheries around the world. Their methods do not attempt to estimate the actual biomass (the amount of living biological matter) of fish species in particular parts of the ocean, but rather changes in that biomass over time. According to their latest paper published in Nature, the biomass of large predators (animals that kill and eat other animals) inanes fishery is reduced on average by 80% within 15 years of the start of exploitation. In some long-fished areas, it has halved again since then.
Dr. Worm acknowledges that these figures are conservative (保守的). One reason for this is that fishing technology has improved. Today’s vessels can find their prey using satellites and sonar, which were not available 50 years ago. That means a higher proportion of what is in the sea is being caught, so the real difference between present and past is likely to be worse than the one recorded by changes in catch sizes. In the early days, too, longlines would have been more saturated with fish. Some individuals would therefore not have been caught, since baited hooks would have been available to trap them, leading to an underestimate of fish stocks in the past. Furthermore, in the early days of longline fishing, a lot of fish were lost to sharks after they had been hooked. That is no longer a problem, because there are fewer sharks around noise.
Dr. Myers and Dr. Worm argue that their work gives a correct baseline, which future management efforts must take into account. They believe the date support an idea current among marine biologists, that of the “shifting baseline”. The notion is that people have failed to detect the massive changes which have happened in the ocean because they have been looking back only a relatively short time into the past. That matters because theory suggests that the maximum sustainable yield that can be cropped from a fishery comes when the biomass of a target species is about 50% of its original levels. Most fisheries are well below that, which is a bad way to do business.
1.The aim of the extinction of large prehistoric animals is to suggest that _______.
A．large animal were not easy to survive in the changing environment
B．small species survived as large animals disappeared
C．large sea animals may face the same threat today.
D．Slow-growing fish outlive fast-growing ones
2.We can infer from Dr Myers and Dr. Worm’s paper that _______.
A．the stock of large predators in some old fisheries has reduced by 90%
B．there are only half as many fisheries are there were 15 years ago
C．the catch sizes in new fisheries are only 20% of the original amount
D．the number of larger predators dropped faster in new fisheries than in the old
3.By saying these figures are conservative (line 1, paragraph 3), Dr worm means that_______.
A．fishing technology has improved rapidly
B．then catch-sizes are actually smaller then recorded
C．the marine biomass has suffered a greater loss
D．the date collected so far are out of date.
4.Dr Myers and other researchers hold that _______.
A．people should look for a baseline that can’t work for a longer time
B．fisheries should keep the yield below 50% of the biomass
C．the ocean biomass should restore its original level.
D．people should adjust the fishing baseline to changing situation.
5.The author seems to be mainly concerned with most fisheries’ _______.
A．management efficiency
B．biomass level
C．catch-size limits
D．technological application.
请就“童年时代的生活“这一主题发表你的看法，写一篇120词左右的英语短文，至少包含以下的内容要点：
1) 描述你的童年生活。
2) 你对童年时期的生活有怎样的认识。
短语互译（10分）
1.不管，别惹，让---一个人待着___________________
2.转向，回转_________________
3.打电话给_______________
4.将---放在一边，为---保留/节省_______________
5.试验；考验________________
6.in other words _______________
7.never mind ____________________
8.sit around ________________
9.all the best __________________
10.be bound to ________________
