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Johann Gutenberg, who worked as a goldsm...

Johann Gutenberg, who worked as a goldsmith(金匠),took what has already been discovered, and created a small invention that changed history. He created a machine that allowed him to move small blocks of letters in such a way that written material could be printed and mass-produced. Few people could read before Johann Gutenberg made the invention, but once books became less expensive, more Europeans could read and write.

Block printing existed long before Gutenberg. The Chinese had been using wood blocks to print books as early as 868, but a new set of woodcuts(木刻印版) had to be made for each book. Producing one book was not easy; producing all kinds of books was more difficult.

Writing ink dates from about 2500 BC in Egypt and China. Johann Gutenberg use an oil-base printing ink that would last longer than other inks used in his time. We don’t know much about Gutenberg because he was not famous during his lifetime. He was born in Germany about 1400. In 1448, Gutenberg developed signatures for each number, letter, and punctuation mark(标点符号). He then built the molds (模型) to hold the signatures in place. Johann Gutenberg published the first mass-produced book: a 1,282 page Bible. To this day, more copies of the Bible have been printed the any other book.

Copies of Gutenberg’s invention spread throughout Europe, but the German goldsmith did not get rich from his invention. Some officials denounced the invention of printing because they feared that it would spread bad ideas. By 1500 there 1,700 printing presses in Europe. The presses had already produced about 20 million volumes of 40,000 different books.

1.What happened after Johann Gutenberg’s invention?

A.People could afford to read books.

B.People became interested in inventing.

C.It was still difficult to print all kinds of books.

D.Punctuation mark began to be used in printing.

2.Compared with block printing in China, Johann Gutenberg’s method __________.

A.was difficult to run.

B.needed harder paper

C.used a new kind of ink

D.was put into use earlier

3.The underlined word “denounced” in the paragraph means __________.

A.fought against

B.accepted

C.laughed at

D.supported

4.What is the best title for the passage?

A.A famous 1,282 page Bible

B.The life of a famous inventor

C.An invention that changed history

D.The development of printing

 

1.A 2.C 3.A 4.C 【解析】通读全文可知是关于改变世界的一项发明—印刷术。 1.A 细节题。根据第一段最后一句Few people could read before Johann Gutenberg made the invention, but once books became less expensive, more Europeans could read and write.可知A正确。 2.C 细节题。根据第三段Writing ink dates from about 2500 BC in Egypt and China. Johann Gutenberg use an oil-base printing ink that would last longer than other inks used in his time.可知他使用的墨水很不一样,能持续时间更长。 3.A 猜测词义题。根据后半句because they feared that it would spread bad ideas.可知他们对于这样的技术是持反对态度的,认为它会传播坏的思想。故A正确。 4.C 主旨大意题。通读全文可知是关于改变世界的一项发明—印刷术。
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Many people say pennies are not worth saving. After all, a penny is only worth a cent. But one unusual penny turned out to be worth a lot more when a coin collector paid $1.7 million for it earlier this month.

The coin is one of a kind. It is the only penny that the Denver mint(铸币厂) made out of copper, instead of steel, in 1943. Because it is unique, it is also very valuable. No penny has ever sold for so much money.

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The Lincoln penny first appeared in 1909. For 34 years, the one-cent coin was made out of copper. Then, in 1943, the penny changed. World War II was going on, and copper was needed for equipment. So for one year, pennies were made out of steel instead. At least most of them were.

Only a few coins were made out of unused copper. There are three main mints, or places where coins are made, in the United States. Of the known copper pennies from 1943, twelve were made in the Philadephia mint, and five were made in the San Francisco mint. Only one was made in the Denver mint.

Nobody knows for sure why a copper penny was made at the Denver mint in 1943, coin dealers Andy Skrabalak told Time for Kids. “There is a rumor that a mint employee made the coin in the middle of the night.”

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The coin collector who bought the $1.7 million penny wants to remain unknown. But the reason for the trade is known. He already had two copper pennies from 1943 – one from the San Francisco mint and one from the Philadephia mint. To complete the set, he needed the Denver penny. The three coins will go on display at a coin exhibition in Tampa, Florida.

The collector who sold the penny is also keeping his name a secret. It took four years to convince him to give up the rare coin. Now that he has finally donating all of the money to charity.

1.Why is the Lincoln penny worth over one million dollars?

A. Because it has a history of thirty-four years.

B. Because it was made out of a rare material.

C. Because it was made on one night of 1943 by the Denver mint.

D, Because it was the only coin Denver mint made out of copper in 1943.

2.Before the Lincoln penny was sold, people thought one-cent coins __________.

A.were worth collecting for selling later

B.were surely valuable if not made out of steel

C.wouldn’t be sold for large amounts of money

D.were only useful for some coin museums

3.At least how many copper coins were made in 1943?

A.Five

B.Twelve

C.Seventeen

D.Eighteen

4.What can we learn about the collector who sold the penny?

A.He already had two copper pennies from 1943.

B.He wanted to complete the set of copper pennies.

C.He didn’t want to sell his penny in the beginning.

D.He was a well-known coin dealer in Tampa, Horida.

 

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Mother Teresa was born in Yugoslavia, on August 27th, 1910. She attended the government school near her home until she was eighteen. At that time, some doctors and nurses from Yugoslavia were working in India, and they often wrote to the school about their work. She decided to join them one day.

When she finished school, she went first to Britain. Then a year later she went to India, where she began to train to be a teacher. After training, she was sent to Calcutta, where she taught geography at a school and soon after became headmistress(女校长).

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Mother Teresa is now a well-known person. Many photos have been taken of her, as she travels the world to open new schools and hospitals in poor countries. In 1979, she was given the Nobel Peace Prize for the lifetime of love and service she has given to the poor.

1.What first inspired Mother Teresa to work in India?

A.Her visit to the poor parts of Calcutta.

B.Her visit to Britain after she left school.

C.The medical worker’s letters to her school.

D.The work of the nurse in the city of Panta.

2.In which order did Mother Teresa do the following things?

a. Trained to be a nurse                        

b. Went to India.

c. Helped the dying.                          

d. Studied to be a teacher.

e. Went to Britain.                            

f. Worked as a headmaster.

A.b, a, c, e, d, f

B.b, f, a, d, e, c

C.e, b, d, f, a, c

D.e, a, b, c, d, f

3.Mother Teresa gave up teaching because she wanted to ___________.

A.look after the poor.

B.travel to poor countries

C.build hospitals for the poor

D.train nurse to care for the poor

4.Mother Teresa is now a famous person because she has ___________.

A.saved many poor people in India

B.helped to bring about world peace

C.helped to make India a more peaceful place

D.taken care of many poor people in the world

 

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After 5 years of poor jobs, I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl. It was the best thing ____38____ could have happened to me. I ____39____ I should do something positive with my life because I wanted to prove ___40___ her that what people said about me had gone ___41___, especially her mother, who once said to me, “Let’s ____42____ it. You’ve failed every thing you’ve ever done.” So I tried hard with my ____43____ and went to ____44____. My first novel ____45____ while I was still a college student.

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1.

A.naughty

B.lazy

C.useless

D.raggy

2.A. nothing         B. something        C everything        D. anything

3.

A.when

B.that

C.which

D.as

 

4.

A.thought

B.promised

C.decided

D.expected

 

5.

A.to

B.for

C.with

D.at

 

6.

A.ridiculous

B.acceptable

C.believable

D.wrong

 

7.

A.see

B.face

C.treat

D.react

 

8.

A.writing

B.experiment

C.practice

D.composition

 

9.

A.school

B.college

C.club

D.company

 

10.

A.went across

B.put aside

C.came out

D.set off

 

11.

A.lecture

B.writing

C.teaching

D.evening

 

12.

A.received

B.accepted

C.gave

D.offered

 

13.

A.giving up

B.paying for

C.signing up

D.ridding of

 

14.

A.paid

B.made

C.offered

D.tried

 

15.

A.finished

B.gone

C.delayed

D.left

 

16.

A.made off

B.took off

C.gave off

D.moved off

 

17.

A.style

B.habit

C.idea

D.skill

 

18.

A.Therefore

B.But

C.Though

D.For

 

19.

A.written

B.turned

C.torn

D.put

 

20.

A.cheerful

B.enjoyable

C.successful

D.forgettable

 

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