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Let children learn to judge their own. A child who learns to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time; if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Little by little, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s, in the same way, children learn to do all the other things without being taught—to walk, run, climb, ride a bicycle—compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless it was pointed out to him, or correct it unless he was made to. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not. If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time in doing such work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.   

1.According to the passage, the best way for children to learn things is ___  

2.According to the writer, teachers in school should ___

3.Which of the following does the writer think teachers should not do?

4.The passage suggests that learning to speak and learning to ride a bicycle are ___.

Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. When people cheat, it’s not fair to other people, like the kids who studied for the test or who were the true winners of a game.

Many people like the action of cheating. It makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next test --- unless the person cheats again.

Some people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.

Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.

If you were sick or upset about something the night before and couldn’t study, it would be better to talk with the teacher about this. And if you don’t have enough time to study for a test because of swim practice, you need to talk with your parents about how to balance swimming and school.

A kid who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test needs to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some solutions(解决办法) together. Talking about these problems and working them out will feel better than cheating.

1.The author thinks that when kids cheat in class, _______.

2.Some students like cheating mainly because_________.

3.We can learn from the passage______.

4.In the passage those cheaters are advised to_______.

Early in the 16th century men were trying to reach Asia by traveling west from Europe. In order to find Asia they had to find a way past South America. The man who finally found the way from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific was Ferdinand Magellan. Magellan sailed from Seville in August, 1519 with five ships and about 280 men. Fourteen months later, after spending the cold winter on the coast of Patagonia, he discovered the channel which is now called Magellan Strait(海峡). In November, 1520, after many months of dangers from rocks and storms, the three remaining ships entered the ocean on the other side of South America.

They then continued, hoping to reach Asia. But they did not see any land until they reached the islands off the coast of Asia. Before they arrived at these islands, later known as the Philippines, men were dying of starvation. While they were staying in the Philippines, Magellan was killed in a battle. The remaining officers then had to get back to Spain. They decided to sail round Africa. After many difficulties, one ship with eighteen men sailed into Seville three years after leaving. They were all that remained of Magellan’s expedition. However, their achievement was great. They were the first men to sail round the world.

1.The purpose of Magellan’s expedition was to ________.

2.The number of the ships lost on the whole expedition was ________.

3.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage concerning the expedition?

4.The best title for this passage is ________.

When newspapers and radio describe the damage caused by a hurricane（飓风） named Hazel, girls named Hazel are probably teased（取笑） by their friends. To keep out of trouble, the Weather Bureau says,“Any resemblance between hurricane names and the names of particular girls is purely accidental.”

Some women became angry because hurricanes are given their names, but many other women are proud to see their names make headlines. They don’t even care that they are the names of destructive storms. Because more women seem to like it than dislike it, the Weather Bureau has decided to continue using girl’s names for hurricanes.

In some ways a hurricane is like a person. After it is born, it grows and develops, then becomes old and dies. Each hurricane has a character of its own. Each follows its own path through the world, and people remember it long after it gone. So it is natural to give hurricanes’ names, and to talk about them almost if they were alive.

1.What happens to girls named Hazel according to the passage?

2.The underlined word“resemblance”probably means ______.

3.Public opinions make the Weather Bureau ______.

In the past, man did not have to think about the protection of his environment. There were few people on the earth, and natural   36  seemed to be unlimited.

Today things are   37  . The world has become too   38  . We are   39  our natural resources too quickly, and at the same time we are   40  our environment with dangerous chemicals. If we   41  to do this, human life on earth will not   42 .

People realize today that if too many   43  are taken from the sea, there will soon be none left. Yet, with modern fishing   44  , more and more fish are caught.

We know that if too many trees are cut down,   45  will disappear and nothing will  46  on the land. Yet, we continue to use bigger and more powerful machines to   47  more and more trees.

We realize that if rivers are polluted with waste products from factories, we will die.   48  , in most countries waste products are still put into rivers or into the sea, and there are few laws to   49  this.

We also know that if the   50  of the world continues to rise at the present rate, in a few years, there won't be enough food. What can we do to solve the   51  ? If we eat more vegetables and less   52  , there will be more food available for everyone. Land that is used to grow crops feeds five times more people than land where animals are kept.

Our natural resources will   53   longer if we learn to recycle them. The world population will not   54  so quickly if people use modern methods of birth control.

Finally, if we   55  people to think about the problems we shall have a better and cleaner planet in the future.